Centre for eHealth, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Int J Med Inform. 2010 Jun;79(6):e126-34. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2008.07.007. Epub 2008 Aug 31.
Shared homecare is increasingly common, and in order to develop ICT that support such complex cooperative and interdisciplinary work it is crucial to obtain an understanding of work processes at the clinical level before the development is initiated. It is also crucial, but difficult, to correctly transfer this insight to the development team.
User-centered scenario building in interdisciplinary working groups is applied for capturing cooperative work routines, information demands, and other central preconditions in shared homecare.
Use of scenarios for analysis of cooperative work and as information carrier is described via a case from the multi-disciplinary OLD@HOME project. Both current and future work scenarios were elicited. To illustrate the process of transforming scenarios into more technical descriptions (use cases), and finally into an application, examples showing the transparency in resulting use cases and in the implemented system are provided.
In this case study, scenarios proved to be useful not only in initial system development phases but throughout the entire development process, improving accessibility and assessment of end user needs. For the development team, scenarios assisted in solving usability issues, and served as a basis for describing use cases and for further system development. More importantly, the shared care scenarios ensured the provision of different perspectives on common work processes, which are often neglected in conventional requirements specifications. This also improved understanding between different clinical groups and between clinicians and developers.
家庭共享护理越来越普遍，为了开发支持这种复杂合作和跨学科工作的 ICT，在开发之前，必须首先了解临床层面的工作流程，这一点至关重要。但是，将这种洞察力正确地传达给开发团队也是非常困难的。
用户为中心的情景构建在跨学科工作组中被应用于捕捉家庭共享护理中的合作工作常规、信息需求和其他核心前提条件。
通过多学科 OLD@HOME 项目中的一个案例，描述了使用情景进行合作工作分析和作为信息载体的情况。引出了当前和未来的工作情景。为了说明将情景转化为更技术化的描述（用例），并最终转化为应用程序的过程，提供了示例，展示了在最终用例和实现的系统中所具有的透明性。
在这个案例研究中，情景不仅在初始系统开发阶段而且在整个开发过程中都被证明是有用的，提高了最终用户需求的可及性和评估。对于开发团队来说，情景有助于解决可用性问题，并作为描述用例和进一步系统开发的基础。更重要的是，共享护理情景确保了对常见工作流程的不同视角的提供，而这在传统的需求规范中经常被忽视。这也增进了不同临床群体之间以及临床医生和开发人员之间的理解。
