van Schayck Onno C P, Pinnock Hilary, Ostrem Anders, Litt John, Tomlins Ron, Williams Siân, Buffels Johan, Giannopoulos Dimitri, Henrichsen Svein, Kaper Janneke, Korzh Oleksiy, Rodriguez Ana Morán, Kawaldip Sehmi, Zwar Nick, Yaman Hakan
Care and Public Health Research Institute (Caphri), Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
Prim Care Respir J. 2008 Sep;17(3):185-93. doi: 10.3132/pcrj.2008.00060.
Tobacco use will become the world's foremost cause of premature death and disability within 20 years unless current trends are reversed. Many opportunities to reduce this epidemic are missed in primary care. This Discussion paper from the International Primary Care Respiratory Group (IPCRG) - which reflects the IPCRG's understanding of primary care practitioners' needs - summarises a new approach based on strong evidence for effective interventions. All primary care health professionals can increase smoking cessation rates among their patients, even when time and resources are limited. Medical and non-medical staff can support patients who choose to quit by providing information, referral to telephone counselling services, and behavioural counselling using motivational interviewing techniques, where resources permit. Drug therapy to manage nicotine dependence can significantly improve patients' chances of quitting successfully, and is recommended for people who smoke 10 or more cigarettes per day. All interventions should be tailored to the individual's circumstances and attitudes.
除非当前趋势得到扭转,否则烟草使用将在20年内成为全球过早死亡和残疾的首要原因。在初级保健中,有许多减少这一流行趋势的机会被错失。这份来自国际初级保健呼吸组(IPCRG)的讨论文件——反映了IPCRG对初级保健从业者需求的理解——总结了一种基于有效干预有力证据的新方法。即使时间和资源有限,所有初级保健卫生专业人员都可以提高其患者的戒烟率。医疗和非医疗工作人员可以通过提供信息、转介至电话咨询服务以及在资源允许的情况下使用动机性访谈技术进行行为咨询,来支持选择戒烟的患者。用于管理尼古丁依赖的药物疗法可以显著提高患者成功戒烟的几率,建议每天吸烟10支或更多的人使用该疗法。所有干预措施都应根据个人情况和态度进行调整。