Yamamoto A, Keil L C, Reid I A
Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0444.
Am J Physiol. 1991 Aug;261(2 Pt 2):R484-90. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.1991.261.2.R484.
Electrical stimulation of afferent renal nerves increases plasma vasopressin (AVP) concentration, but the role of these nerves in the control of AVP release is not known. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of activation of renal mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors on plasma AVP concentration in anesthetized rabbits. Intrapelvic pressure was increased to activate renal mechanoreceptors, and the renal pelvis was perfused with 1.0 M NaCl, 0.1 M KCl, and 1.0 M mannitol solutions to activate R2 chemoreceptors. With increased pelvic pressure, plasma AVP concentration increased from 12.4 +/- 3.8 to 36.2 +/- 16.1 pg/ml at 5 min and to 37.4 +/- 16.1 pg/ml at 10 min (P less than 0.01). Plasma renin activity increased from 15.7 +/- 4.0 to 22.1 +/- 3.3 ng.ml-1.2 h-1 (P less than 0.05), but blood pressure and heart rate did not change significantly. Similar increases in plasma AVP concentration occurred during perfusion of the renal pelvis with 1.0 M NaCl (17.6 +/- 8.1 to 53.7 +/- 24.0 pg/ml), 0.1 M KCl (9.2 +/- 2.1 to 39.7 +/- 17.3 pg/ml), and 1.0 M mannitol (27.5 +/- 10.9 to 77.5 +/- 30.8 pg/ml) solutions. However, because pelvic pressure increased by 40-50 mmHg during the perfusions, the experiments were repeated with use of a different perfusion method in which pelvic pressure increased by less than 5 mmHg. Under these conditions, plasma AVP concentration did not change significantly during perfusion with any of the solutions. To determine whether the mechanoreceptor-induced increase in AVP release is mediated by the renal nerves, pelvic pressure was increased in another group of rabbits after renal denervation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
肾传入神经的电刺激可增加血浆血管加压素（AVP）浓度，但这些神经在AVP释放控制中的作用尚不清楚。本研究的目的是探讨激活肾机械感受器和化学感受器对麻醉兔血浆AVP浓度的影响。增加肾盂内压力以激活肾机械感受器，并用1.0M NaCl、0.1M KCl和1.0M甘露醇溶液灌注肾盂以激活R2化学感受器。随着肾盂压力升高，血浆AVP浓度在5分钟时从12.4±3.8 pg/ml增加到36.2±16.1 pg/ml，在10分钟时增加到37.4±16.1 pg/ml（P<0.01）。血浆肾素活性从15.7±4.0 ng·ml⁻¹·2h⁻¹增加到22.1±3.3 ng·ml⁻¹·2h⁻¹（P<0.05），但血压和心率无明显变化。在用1.0M NaCl（17.6±8.1至53.7±24.0 pg/ml）、0.1M KCl（9.2±2.1至39.7±17.3 pg/ml）和1.0M甘露醇（27.5±10.9至77.5±30.8 pg/ml）溶液灌注肾盂期间，血浆AVP浓度也出现类似增加。然而，由于灌注期间肾盂压力升高了40-50 mmHg，因此使用另一种灌注方法重复实验，其中肾盂压力升高小于5 mmHg。在这些条件下，用任何一种溶液灌注期间血浆AVP浓度均无明显变化。为了确定机械感受器诱导的AVP释放增加是否由肾神经介导，在另一组兔肾去神经后增加肾盂压力。（摘要截断于250字）
