Willand Levke, Ritter S, Reinhard B, Offergeld R, Hamouda O
Abteilung für Infektionsepidemiologie, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, BRD.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2008 Aug;51(8):902-14. doi: 10.1007/s00103-008-0612-8.
The Robert Koch Institute collects and evaluates data on the prevalence and incidence of HIV, hepatitis C (HCV), hepatitis B (HBV) and syphilis infections among blood and plasma donors in Germany according to Article 22 of the Transfusion Act. The surveillance data permit an assessment of the occurrence of infections in the blood donor population and consequently the safety of the collected donations. This report includes data from all blood donation services in Germany for 2006. Due to the revision of the Transfusion Act in 2005 not only the number of donations but also the number of donors has become available for analysis. More than 500,000 donations or blood samples from new donors and about 6 million donations collected from ca. 2.3 million repeat donors were screened in 2006. The prevalence for HIV was 6.2/100,000, for HCV 76.2/100,000, for HBV 150.2/100,000 and for syphilis 34.4/100,000 donations. The rate of seroconversions/100,000 donations was 0.8 for HIV, 1.1 for HCV, 0.7 for HBV and 1.6 for syphilis. The analysis showed a very low incidence of HIV, HBV und syphilis with marginal changes compared to previous years. The prevalence and incidence of HCV among blood donors was once again declining.
根据《输血法》第22条,德国罗伯特·科赫研究所收集并评估了德国血液和血浆捐献者中艾滋病毒、丙型肝炎(HCV)、乙型肝炎(HBV)和梅毒感染的流行率和发病率数据。监测数据有助于评估献血人群中感染的发生情况,从而评估所采集血液的安全性。本报告包括2006年德国所有献血服务机构的数据。由于2005年《输血法》的修订,不仅献血数量,而且献血者数量也可供分析。2006年,对超过50万份新献血者的血液或血样以及约230万重复献血者采集的约600万份血液进行了筛查。艾滋病毒的流行率为6.2/10万,丙型肝炎为76.2/10万,乙型肝炎为150.2/10万,梅毒为34.4/10万份献血。每10万份献血的血清转化率分别为:艾滋病毒0.8、丙型肝炎1.1、乙型肝炎0.7、梅毒1.6。分析显示,艾滋病毒、乙型肝炎和梅毒的发病率非常低,与前几年相比变化不大。献血者中丙型肝炎的流行率和发病率再次下降。