Offergeld R, Ritter S, Quabeck L, Hamouda O
Abteilung für Infektionsepidemiologie, Robert Koch-Institut, DGZ-Ring 1, 13086, Berlin, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2010 Nov;53(11):1188-96. doi: 10.1007/s00103-010-1152-6.
The Robert Koch Institute collects and evaluates data on the prevalence and incidence of HIV, hepatitis C (HCV), hepatitis B (HBV), and syphilis infections among blood and plasma donors in Germany according to §22 of the Transfusion Act ("Transfusiongesetz"). The surveillance data permit an assessment of the occurrence of infections in the blood donor population and consequently the safety of the collected donations. This report includes data from all blood donation services in Germany for 2007. Due to the revision of the Transfusion Act in 2005, not only the number of donations but also the number of donors is now available for analysis. Nearly 550,000 donations or blood samples from new donors and more than 6.24 million donations collected from approximately 2.43 million repeat donors were tested for transfusion-relevant infections in 2007. The prevalence for HIV was 8.0/100,000, for HCV 70.0/100,000, for HBV 132.5/100,000, and for syphilis 36.8/100,000 donations. The proportion of seroconversions/100,000 donations was 0.6 for HIV, 1.1 for HCV, 0.6 for HBV, and 1.7 for syphilis. The analysis showed a very low incidence of HIV, HBV, and syphilis with marginal changes compared to previous years. The prevalence and incidence of HCV among blood donors was once again declining.
根据《输血法》（“Transfusiongesetz”）第22条，德国罗伯特·科赫研究所收集并评估了德国血液和血浆捐献者中艾滋病毒、丙型肝炎（HCV）、乙型肝炎（HBV）和梅毒感染的流行率和发病率数据。监测数据有助于评估献血人群中感染的发生情况，从而评估所采集血液的安全性。本报告包含了2007年德国所有献血服务机构的数据。由于2005年《输血法》的修订，现在不仅可以获得献血数量，还可以获得献血者数量用于分析。2007年，对近550,000份新献血者的血液或血样以及从约243万重复献血者处采集的624万多份血液进行了输血相关感染检测。艾滋病毒的流行率为8.0/10万，丙型肝炎为70.0/10万，乙型肝炎为132.5/10万，梅毒为36.8/10万份献血。每10万份献血的血清转化率，艾滋病毒为0.6，丙型肝炎为1.1，乙型肝炎为0.6，梅毒为1.7。分析表明，艾滋病毒、乙型肝炎和梅毒的发病率非常低，与前几年相比变化不大。献血者中丙型肝炎的流行率和发病率再次下降。
