两剂麻疹疫苗：印度的一些邦为此做好准备了吗？

Two doses of measles vaccine: are some states in India ready for it?

作者信息

John Sushil, Sanghi Savita, Prasad Suranjan, Bose Anuradha, George Kuryan

机构信息

Community Health Department, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India.

出版信息

J Trop Pediatr. 2009 Aug;55(4):253-6. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmn079. Epub 2008 Sep 17.

DOI:10.1093/tropej/fmn079

PMID:18799515

Abstract

We present the results of two surveys of measles outbreaks near Vellore, which perhaps supports the cause for introduction of a second dose of measles vaccine. Survey one had 590 under 10-year olds. The attack rate was 15.1, 11.7 and 5.7% in the unimmunized, among those vaccinated at 6 months and at 9 months, respectively. The overall vaccine efficacy (VE) was 28% if vaccinated at 6 months and 66% if at 9 months. Second survey had 1702 children and adolescents. There were 59 cases of measles of which 49 were over 5 years of age, the mean age being 8.8 years. The VE was 66% for children up to 6 years and 48.4% for those aged 7-15. The data suggests that measles vaccine is better given at 9 months. The low VE in school age children could be improved by introducing a second dose of measles vaccine.

摘要

我们展示了两项关于韦洛尔附近麻疹暴发的调查结果，这或许支持引入第二剂麻疹疫苗的理由。第一项调查有590名10岁以下儿童。未接种疫苗者、6个月时接种疫苗者和9个月时接种疫苗者的发病率分别为15.1%、11.7%和5.7%。6个月时接种疫苗的总体疫苗效力（VE）为28%，9个月时接种则为66%。第二项调查有1702名儿童和青少年。有59例麻疹病例，其中49例年龄超过5岁，平均年龄为8.8岁。6岁及以下儿童的疫苗效力为66%，7至15岁儿童为48.4%。数据表明麻疹疫苗在9个月时接种效果更佳。通过引入第二剂麻疹疫苗，学龄儿童中较低的疫苗效力可能会得到改善。