Long V O
Department of Counseling and Family Studies, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131.
J Psychol. 1991 May;125(3):263-70. doi: 10.1080/00223980.1991.10543290.
The literature suggests women scientists are a unique population. The present study investigated differences in self-esteem, self-acceptance, masculinity and femininity among several sample populations of women, including scientists (n = 62), professionals (other than scientists) (n = 89), college students (n = 83), clients (n = 52), and victims of domestic violence (n = 57). The Personal Orientation Inventory (Shostrom, 1974) and Bem Sex Role Inventory (Bem, 1974) were administered to subjects, together with a demographic data sheet. An ANOVA was used to investigate differences between women scientists and other groups of women, and correlations were used to examine the relationship of masculinity and femininity with self-esteem and self-acceptance. Masculinity was found to correlate with self-esteem for all but the student group and with self-acceptance for all but the student and scientist group. Self-acceptance scores were significantly lower for women scientists than for professional and student groups, and femininity scores were significantly lower for scientists than for all other groups of women.
文献表明，女科学家是一个独特的群体。本研究调查了几个女性样本群体在自尊、自我接纳、男性气质和女性气质方面的差异，这些群体包括科学家（n = 62）、专业人士（非科学家）（n = 89）、大学生（n = 83）、客户（n = 52）和家庭暴力受害者（n = 57）。向受试者发放了《个人取向问卷》（肖斯特罗姆，1974年）、《贝姆性别角色问卷》（贝姆，1974年）以及一份人口统计数据表。使用方差分析来研究女科学家与其他女性群体之间的差异，并使用相关性分析来检验男性气质和女性气质与自尊和自我接纳之间的关系。研究发现，除学生群体外，男性气质与所有群体的自尊相关；除学生和科学家群体外，男性气质与所有群体的自我接纳相关。女科学家的自我接纳得分显著低于专业人士和学生群体，科学家的女性气质得分显著低于所有其他女性群体。
