Bowen D J, Spring B, Fox E
Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98104.
J Behav Med. 1991 Apr;14(2):97-110. doi: 10.1007/BF00846173.
Treatments that reduce the immediate effects of smoking withdrawal have potential for helping smokers quit. Serotonin-enhancing substances, such as tryptophan and high-carbohydrate diets, have been used in clinical disorders to relieve negative affect, a classic symptom of cigarette withdrawal. This research project investigated the use of tryptophan (50 mg/kg/day) and high-carbohydrate diets, together with more traditional smoking cessation treatment techniques, to ameliorate the smoking withdrawal syndrome and to improve abstinence rates. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either tryptophan (n = 16) or placebo (n = 15). Standard smoking cessation treatment was identical for the experimental and control groups and consisted of four 2-hr weekly sessions of multicomponent group therapy. Smoking behavior, symptoms of nicotine withdrawal, and negative affect were assessed during a 2-week withdrawal period. Tryptophan-treated subjects who could not fully abstain were able to smoke fewer daily cigarettes. Reported anxiety and other withdrawal symptoms were lower in the tryptophan group compared with control subjects. These data suggest that serotonin-enhancing substances show promise for use as an adjunct to existing smoking cessation programs.
减轻吸烟戒断即时效应的治疗方法有助于吸烟者戒烟。血清素增强物质，如色氨酸和高碳水化合物饮食，已被用于临床疾病以缓解消极情绪，这是戒烟的一个典型症状。本研究项目探讨了色氨酸（50毫克/千克/天）和高碳水化合物饮食与更传统的戒烟治疗技术联合使用，以改善吸烟戒断综合征并提高戒烟率。受试者被随机分配接受色氨酸（n = 16）或安慰剂（n = 15）。实验组和对照组的标准戒烟治疗相同，包括每周进行四次、每次2小时的多成分团体治疗。在为期2周的戒断期内评估吸烟行为、尼古丁戒断症状和消极情绪。不能完全戒烟的色氨酸治疗受试者每天吸烟量减少。与对照组相比，色氨酸组报告的焦虑和其他戒断症状较低。这些数据表明，血清素增强物质有望作为现有戒烟项目的辅助手段。
