Petrican Raluca, Moscovitch Morris, Schimmack Ulrich
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Psychol Aging. 2008 Sep;23(3):585-94. doi: 10.1037/a0013176.
In 2 studies with older adults, the authors investigated the effect of executive attention resources on the retrieval of emotional public events. Participants completed a battery of working memory tasks, as a measure of executive attention, and a battery of tasks assessing memory, as well as subjective experiences associated with the retrieval of remote public events. Participants also rated the valence of each public event story. The group-rated valence of the public event stories predicted retrieval and the quality of experiences associated with them, such that emotionally arousing events elicited the highest memory rates and the richest experiences. Furthermore, positive public events elicited the highest memory rates. Executive attention moderated only the relationship between event valence and how participants' associated memories are experienced at retrieval, such that superior executive attention resources predicted richer experiences associated with positive relative to neutral and negative stories. The current results extend previous findings on the effects of aging on emotion regulation, suggesting that cognitive control resources modulate subjective experiences associated with retrieved memories for remote real life events, but not memory retrieval itself.
在两项针对老年人的研究中，作者调查了执行性注意资源对情感性公共事件回忆的影响。参与者完成了一系列工作记忆任务，作为执行性注意的一项测量指标，还完成了一系列评估记忆的任务，以及与遥远公共事件回忆相关的主观体验任务。参与者还对每个公共事件故事的效价进行了评分。公共事件故事的群体评分效价预测了回忆以及与之相关的体验质量，即情绪唤起事件引发了最高的记忆率和最丰富的体验。此外，积极的公共事件引发了最高的记忆率。执行性注意仅调节了事件效价与参与者在回忆时如何体验相关记忆之间的关系，即卓越的执行性注意资源预示着与积极故事（相对于中性和消极故事）相关的更丰富体验。当前结果扩展了先前关于衰老对情绪调节影响的研究发现，表明认知控制资源调节了与遥远现实生活事件回忆相关的主观体验，但不影响记忆检索本身。
