Brunstrom Jeffrey M, Shakeshaft Nicholas G
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, 12a Priory Road, Bristol BS8 1TU, United Kingdom.
Appetite. 2009 Feb;52(1):108-14. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2008.09.002. Epub 2008 Sep 10.
Previously, we have used a 'method of constant stimuli' to quantify the satiety that different foods are expected to deliver. Our data indicate that foods differ considerably (some are expected to deliver 5-6 times more satiety than others [per kcal]). In the present study we explored the relative importance of 'expected satiety' in decisions about portion size. For eight different snack foods, we measured 'ideal' portion size and compared these values with corresponding measures of liking, expected satiety, and intention to restrict intake. Across participants (N=60), ideal portion size was predicted by both liking and expected satiety. Individuals differed in the relative importance of expected satiety and liking. In particular, expected satiety was a more important predictor in restrained eaters and in individuals with a higher BMI. In this study we also included a measure of food reward. For each food, reward was inferred from a measure based on cash spend per kcal. Again, food liking and expected satiety were both significant predictors. Together, our findings confirm the importance of expected satiety and they demonstrate the quantification of separate affective and non-affective determinants of food reward and portion size.
此前，我们使用了“恒定刺激法”来量化不同食物预期带来的饱腹感。我们的数据表明，不同食物的饱腹感差异很大（每千卡热量下，有些食物预期带来的饱腹感是其他食物的5至6倍）。在本研究中，我们探讨了“预期饱腹感”在决定食物分量大小方面的相对重要性。对于八种不同的休闲食品，我们测量了“理想”食物分量大小，并将这些数值与相应的喜好程度、预期饱腹感以及限制摄入量的意愿进行了比较。在所有参与者（N = 60）中，理想食物分量大小由喜好程度和预期饱腹感共同预测。个体在预期饱腹感和喜好程度的相对重要性上存在差异。具体而言，预期饱腹感在节食者和体重指数较高的个体中是更重要的预测因素。在本研究中，我们还纳入了一项食物奖励的测量指标。对于每种食物，奖励是根据每千卡热量的现金花费测量指标推断得出的。同样，食物喜好程度和预期饱腹感都是显著的预测因素。总之，我们的研究结果证实了预期饱腹感的重要性，并展示了对食物奖励和食物分量大小中独立的情感和非情感决定因素的量化。
