School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 639818, Singapore; Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138632, Singapore; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (A*STAR), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 117599.
School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 639818, Singapore.
Appetite. 2023 Jan 1;180:106361. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106361. Epub 2022 Nov 2.
Portion size selection is an indicator of appetite and within younger adults, is predicted by factors such as expected satiety, liking and motivations to achieve an ideal sensation of fullness (i.e., implicit satiety goals). Currently, there is limited research available on the determinants of portion size selection within older adults. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the relationship between individual differences in implicit satiety goals, food-related expectations, and portion size selection in older adults. Free-living older adult Singaporeans (N = 115; N = 62; age: M = 66.21 years, SD = 4.78, range = 60-83 years) participated as part of the Brain, Ageing, Microbiome, Muscle, Bone, and Exercise Study (BAMMBE). Participants completed questionnaires on their subjective requirements for experiencing different states of satiety and food-related expectations (i.e., liking, how filling) as well as a computerised portion size selection task. Using a multiple regression, we found that goals to feel comfortably full (B = 3.08, SE = 1.04, t = 2.96, p = .004) and to stop hunger (B = -2.25, SE = 0.82, t = -2.75, p = .007) significantly predicted larger portion size selection (R = 0.24, F(4,87) = 6.74, p < .001). Larger portion sizes (R = 0.53, F(5,90) = 20.58, p < .001) were also predicted by greater expected satiety (B = 0.47, SE = 0.09, t = 5.15, p < .001) and lower perceptions of how filling foods are (B = -2.92, SE = 0.77, t = -3.79, p < .001) but not liking (B = -0.09, SE = 0.91, t = -0.10, p = .925) or frequency (B = -18.42, SE = 16.91, t = -1.09, p = .279) of consumption of target foods. Comparing our findings to results of studies conducted with younger adults suggests the influence of factors such as satiety related goals on portion size selection may change with ageing while the influence of other factors (e.g., expected satiety/fullness delivered by foods) may remain consistent. These findings may inform future strategies to increase/decrease portion size accordingly to ensure older adults maintain an appropriate healthy weight.
部分大小选择是食欲的一个指标，在年轻成年人中，由预期饱腹感、喜好和实现理想饱腹感的动机等因素预测（即，隐含的饱腹感目标）。目前，关于老年人部分大小选择的决定因素的研究有限。因此，本研究旨在研究老年人中隐含的饱腹感目标、与食物相关的期望以及部分大小选择之间的关系。作为 Brain, Ageing, Microbiome, Muscle, Bone, and Exercise Study (BAMMBE) 的一部分，115 名自由生活的新加坡老年人（N=115；N=62；年龄：M=66.21 岁，SD=4.78，范围=60-83 岁）参加了这项研究。参与者完成了关于他们体验不同饱腹感状态的主观要求和与食物相关的期望（即，喜好、饱腹感）的问卷，以及计算机化的部分大小选择任务。使用多元回归，我们发现，感到舒适饱足的目标（B=3.08，SE=1.04，t=2.96，p=0.004）和停止饥饿的目标（B=-2.25，SE=0.82，t=-2.75，p=0.007）显著预测了更大的部分大小选择（R=0.24，F（4,87）=6.74，p<0.001）。更大的部分大小（R=0.53，F（5,90）=20.58，p<0.001）也被更大的预期饱腹感（B=0.47，SE=0.09，t=5.15，p<0.001）和更低的食物饱腹感感知（B=-2.92，SE=0.77，t=-3.79，p<0.001）所预测，但不被喜好（B=-0.10，SE=0.91，t=-0.10，p=0.925）或消费频率（B=-18.42，SE=16.91，t=-1.09，p=0.279）所预测。将我们的研究结果与对年轻人进行的研究结果进行比较表明，饱腹感相关目标等因素对部分大小选择的影响可能会随着年龄的增长而变化，而其他因素（例如，食物提供的预期饱腹感/饱腹感）的影响可能保持一致。这些发现可能为未来相应地增加/减少部分大小的策略提供信息，以确保老年人保持适当的健康体重。
