Pink Aimee E, Cheon Bobby K
School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639818, Singapore.
Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
Foods. 2021 May 18;10(5):1121. doi: 10.3390/foods10051121.
Portion size is an important determinant of energy intake and the development of easy to use and valid tools for measuring portion size are required. Standard measures, such as ad libitum designs and currently available computerized portion selection tasks (PSTs), have several limitations including only being able to capture responses to a limited number of foods, requiring participants' physical presence and logistical/technical demands. The objective of the current study was to develop and test robust and valid measures of portion size that can be readily prepared by researchers and be reliably utilized for remote online data collection. We developed and tested two simplified PSTs that could be utilized online: (1) portion size images presented simultaneously along a horizontal continuum slider and (2) multiple-choice images presented vertically. One hundred and fifty participants ( = 21.35 years old) completed both simplified PSTs, a standard computerized PST and a series of questionnaires of variables associated with portion size (e.g., hunger, food item characteristics, Three Factor Eating Questionnaire). We found average liking of foods was a significant predictor of all three tasks and cognitive restraint also predicted the two simplified PSTs. We also found significant agreement between the standard PST and estimated portion sizes derived from the simplified PSTs when accounting for average liking. Overall, we show that simplified versions of the standard PST can be used online as an analogue of estimating ideal portion size.
食物分量是能量摄入的一个重要决定因素，因此需要开发易于使用且有效的测量食物分量的工具。标准测量方法，如随意进食设计和目前可用的计算机化食物分量选择任务（PSTs），存在一些局限性，包括只能捕捉对有限数量食物的反应、需要参与者亲自到场以及存在后勤/技术方面的要求。本研究的目的是开发并测试可靠且有效的食物分量测量方法，这些方法能够由研究人员轻松准备，并可靠地用于远程在线数据收集。我们开发并测试了两种可在线使用的简化PSTs：（1）沿水平连续滑块同时呈现的食物分量图像，以及（2）垂直呈现的多项选择图像。150名参与者（平均年龄 = 21.35岁）完成了这两种简化PSTs、一项标准计算机化PST以及一系列与食物分量相关变量的问卷调查（例如饥饿程度、食物特征、三因素饮食问卷）。我们发现，食物的平均喜好程度是所有三项任务的重要预测指标，认知抑制也预测了两种简化PSTs。在考虑平均喜好程度时，我们还发现标准PST与简化PST得出的估计食物分量之间存在显著一致性。总体而言，我们表明标准PST的简化版本可在线用作估计理想食物分量的类似方法。
