Klevens R Monina, Gorwitz Rachel J, Collins Amy S
Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. 30333, USA.
J Am Dent Assoc. 2008 Oct;139(10):1328-37. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2008.0044.
In 2005 in the United States, an estimated 94,370 new, invasive infections and 18,650 deaths were associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA); most of these infections were in people with exposures in health care settings. MRSA also has emerged as a community-based pathogen, causing primarily skin infections that are not life-threatening, but occasionally causing more severe and invasive infections. The authors describe the history of MRSA; identify populations at greatest risk of experiencing MRSA colonization and infection; compare characteristics of MRSA infections occurring in health care and community settings; and summarize strategies, based on U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations and the literature, to prevent transmission of MRSA in dental offices.
Standard infection control precautions should be enforced strictly in all ambulatory care settings, including dental offices, to prevent facility-based transmission of MRSA and other infectious agents.
2005年在美国，估计有94370例新的侵袭性感染以及18650例死亡与耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）相关；这些感染大多发生在有医疗保健机构接触史的人群中。MRSA也已成为一种社区获得性病原体，主要引起无生命危险的皮肤感染，但偶尔也会导致更严重的侵袭性感染。作者描述了MRSA的历史；确定发生MRSA定植和感染风险最高的人群；比较医疗保健机构和社区环境中发生的MRSA感染的特征；并根据美国疾病控制与预防中心的建议及文献，总结在牙科诊所预防MRSA传播的策略。
应在包括牙科诊所在内的所有门诊护理机构严格执行标准感染控制预防措施，以防止基于医疗机构的MRSA及其他传染原的传播。
