Foley Jessica, Ettenhofer Mark, Wright Matthew, Hinkin Charles H
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 760 Westwood Plaza, Room C8-747, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2008 Nov;5(4):204-11. doi: 10.1007/s11904-008-0029-x.
Neurocognitive compromise, a common sequela of HIV infection, ranges in severity from minor motor and information-processing speed decrements to severely incapacitating symptoms that affect functional independence. However, with the emergence of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), neurocognitive phenotypes have become highly heterogeneous and increasingly fail to resemble pre-HAART presentations. This article provides an overview of our current knowledge of HIV-associated neuropsychological abnormalities, with an emphasis on the most recent attempts to classify cognitive impairment within Western and developing societies, the emergence of diverse cognitive presentations in the post-HAART era, factors that moderate the development or impact of HIV-related neurocognitive and functional deficits, and the neurophysiologic consequences of infection.
神经认知功能损害是HIV感染的常见后遗症，严重程度不一，从轻微的运动和信息处理速度下降到影响功能独立性的严重致残症状。然而，随着高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）的出现，神经认知表型变得高度异质性，越来越不像HAART治疗前的表现。本文概述了我们目前对HIV相关神经心理异常的认识，重点介绍了在西方和发展中社会对认知障碍进行分类的最新尝试、HAART时代后出现的各种认知表现、调节HIV相关神经认知和功能缺陷发展或影响的因素，以及感染的神经生理学后果。
