Kendzor Darla E, Cofta-Woerpel Ludmila M, Mazas Carlos A, Li Yisheng, Vidrine Jennifer Irvin, Reitzel Lorraine R, Costello Tracy J, Businelle Michael S, Ahluwalia Jasjit S, Cinciripini Paul M, Wetter David W
Department of Health Disparities Research, Unit 1440, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, P.O. Box 301402, Houston, TX 77230-1402, USA.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008 Oct;17(10):2546-54. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0291.
The purpose of the present study was to describe the prevalence, patterns, and predictors of cooccurring modifiable cancer risk factors among African-Americans seeking smoking cessation treatment and to evaluate previously hypothesized models of the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and health behavior. Overweight/obesity, at-risk alcohol consumption, and insufficient physical activity were measured in 399 African-American smokers. Analyses indicated that 92.8% of participants had at least one cancer risk factor in addition to smoking. Univariate ordinal logistic regression analyses revealed that female gender, unemployment, lower positive affect, and greater negative affect were associated with having a greater number of cancer risk factors. Multivariate analyses yielded similar findings. A structural equation modeling approach indicated that stress/negative affect may function as one pathway linking SES and modifiable cancer risk factors among African-American smokers and that gender has a direct effect on modifiable cancer risk factors. Thus, risk patterns identified within each gender group may guide the development of multiple risk factor interventions for African-American smokers. Stress and negative affect may be an important treatment target within behavioral interventions for African-American smokers of low SES.
本研究的目的是描述寻求戒烟治疗的非裔美国人中同时存在的可改变癌症风险因素的患病率、模式和预测因素，并评估先前假设的社会经济地位（SES）与健康行为之间关系的模型。对399名非裔美国吸烟者进行了超重/肥胖、高危饮酒和身体活动不足的测量。分析表明，92.8%的参与者除吸烟外至少有一种癌症风险因素。单变量有序逻辑回归分析显示，女性、失业、较低的积极情绪和较高的消极情绪与更多的癌症风险因素相关。多变量分析得出了类似的结果。结构方程建模方法表明，压力/消极情绪可能是连接非裔美国吸烟者SES和可改变癌症风险因素的一条途径，并且性别对可改变癌症风险因素有直接影响。因此，每个性别组内确定的风险模式可能指导针对非裔美国吸烟者的多风险因素干预措施的制定。压力和消极情绪可能是低SES非裔美国吸烟者行为干预中的一个重要治疗靶点。
