Higgins C B, Wagner S, Kondo C, Suzuki J, Caputo G R
Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco 94143.
Circulation. 1991 Sep;84(3 Suppl):I198-207.
Electrocardiographic referenced repetitive gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging (cine GRE) has been used to detect and quantify valvular regurgitation. Regurgitation is recognized as a signal void in the high intensity blood pool on these images. Mitral regurgitation causes a signal void in the left atrium in systole, and aortic regurgitation produces one in the left ventricle in diastole. The specificity, sensitivity, and diagnostic accuracy of cine GRE for the detection of mitral and aortic regurgitation was greater than 0.93, 0.89, and 0.92, respectively. The severity of regurgitation has been quantified as the difference in the stroke volume between the two ventricles by measuring the volume of the blood pool, as shown in the stack of magnetic resonance tomograms. Severity has also been assessed by measuring the volume of the signal void. Finally, measurements of the volume of aortic regurgitation have recently been achieved by using velocity-encoded cine GRE. This technique provides a direct measurement of retrograde flow in the aorta during diastole. New cine GRE imaging techniques provide a noninvasive means for quantification of valvular as well as ventricular function.
心电图参考重复梯度回波磁共振成像（电影GRE）已用于检测和量化瓣膜反流。在这些图像上，反流被识别为高强度血池中的信号缺失。二尖瓣反流在收缩期导致左心房出现信号缺失，而主动脉瓣反流在舒张期使左心室出现信号缺失。电影GRE检测二尖瓣和主动脉瓣反流的特异性、敏感性和诊断准确性分别大于0.93、0.89和0.92。反流的严重程度已通过测量血池体积来量化两个心室之间的每搏输出量差异，如磁共振断层图像堆栈所示。严重程度也通过测量信号缺失的体积来评估。最后，最近通过使用速度编码电影GRE实现了主动脉瓣反流体积的测量。该技术可直接测量舒张期主动脉内的逆向血流。新的电影GRE成像技术为量化瓣膜以及心室功能提供了一种非侵入性方法。
