Mettler Fred A, Thomadsen Bruce R, Bhargavan Mythreyi, Gilley Debbie B, Gray Joel E, Lipoti Jill A, McCrohan John, Yoshizumi Terry T, Mahesh Mahadevappa
Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Service, New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA.
Health Phys. 2008 Nov;95(5):502-7. doi: 10.1097/01.HP.0000326333.42287.a2.
Medical radiation exposure of the U.S. population has not been systematically evaluated for almost 25 y. In 1982, the per capita dose was estimated to be 0.54 mSv and the collective dose 124,000 person-Sv. The preliminary estimates of the NCRP Scientific Committee 6-2 medical subgroup are that, in 2006, the per capita dose from medical exposure (not including dental or radiotherapy) had increased almost 600% to about 3.0 mSv and the collective dose had increased over 700% to about 900,000 person-Sv. The largest contributions and increases have come primarily from CT scanning and nuclear medicine. The 62 million CT procedures accounted for 15% of the total number procedures (excluding dental) and over half of the collective dose. Nuclear medicine accounted for about 4% of all procedures but 26% of the total collective dose. Medical radiation exposure is now approximately equal to natural background radiation.
近25年来，美国人群的医疗辐射暴露情况尚未得到系统评估。1982年，人均剂量估计为0.54毫希沃特，集体剂量为124,000人·希沃特。美国国家辐射防护与测量委员会（NCRP）科学委员会6-2医学分组的初步估计显示，2006年，医疗照射（不包括牙科或放射治疗）的人均剂量几乎增加了600%，达到约3.0毫希沃特，集体剂量增加了700%以上，达到约900,000人·希沃特。最大的贡献和增幅主要来自CT扫描和核医学。6200万次CT检查占总检查次数（不包括牙科）的15%，占集体剂量的一半以上。核医学占所有检查的约4%，但占总集体剂量的26%。现在，医疗辐射暴露量大致与天然本底辐射相当。
