Matsuda Y
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka.
Fukuoka Igaku Zasshi. 1991 Jun;82(6):362-9.
Little is known about the architecture of common bile duct, especially smooth muscle, except for Oddi's sphincter. The purpose of this study is to reveal the ultrastructural architecture of the upper part of the common bile duct from the viewpoint of comparative anatomy. Animals used in this study were the hamster, rat, dog, monkey and rabbit, and the results obtained were as follows. There were considerable differences in the structural appearance and distribution of smooth muscle cells in the upper part of the common bile duct among the animals examined. In the rat, a small number of smooth muscle cells were sparsely distributed in the subepithelial connective tissue of the duct. In the dog, smooth muscle cells showed a star-shaped appearance with many cytoplasmic processes, by which networks were formed. In the monkey, smooth muscle cells with fibroblast-like appearance were circularly distributed. In the monkey and rabbit, muscular coats consisting of typical smooth muscle cells were observed in the outermost layer of the duct. The muscular coat in the monkey was arranged longitudinally, and in the rabbit circularly. The muscular coat in the rabbit was thicker than that in the monkey. In the hamster, however, the duct wall was devoid of smooth muscle cells. The present study suggests that the occurrence of smooth muscular coat is not essential for transport of the bile.
除了奥迪括约肌外，人们对胆总管的结构，尤其是平滑肌了解甚少。本研究的目的是从比较解剖学的角度揭示胆总管上部的超微结构。本研究中使用的动物有仓鼠、大鼠、狗、猴子和兔子，结果如下。在所检查的动物中，胆总管上部平滑肌细胞的结构外观和分布存在相当大的差异。在大鼠中，少量平滑肌细胞稀疏地分布在胆管的上皮下结缔组织中。在狗中，平滑肌细胞呈星形，有许多细胞质突起，由此形成网络。在猴子中，具有成纤维细胞样外观的平滑肌细胞呈环状分布。在猴子和兔子中，在胆管的最外层观察到由典型平滑肌细胞组成的肌层。猴子的肌层纵向排列，兔子的肌层呈环状排列。兔子的肌层比猴子的厚。然而，在仓鼠中，胆管壁没有平滑肌细胞。本研究表明，平滑肌层的出现对于胆汁运输并非必不可少。
