Arvidsson Inger, Axmon Anna, Skerfving Staffan
Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2008 Oct;34(5):374-80. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.1277. Epub 2008 Oct 14.
This study attempted to determine whether musculoskeletal health is influenced by mouse-intensive computer work.
The neck-upper limbs of 148 air-traffic controllers (71 women, 77 men) with demanding computer work were examined before (baseline) and a median of 20 months after (follow-up) a change from varied computer work to a mouse-based system, causing a significant change in the physical exposure of the workers (eg, lower variation of work postures and less rest in the forearm extensor muscles, as assessed by technical measurements). Complaints (according to a Nordic questionnaire), diagnoses (standardized physical examination), and psychosocial work environment (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) were recorded.
The air traffic controllers had consistently higher prevalences of disorders in the elbows-hands in the follow-up than at the baseline (complaints 30% versus 18%, P=0.03; diagnoses 10% versus 3.4%, P=0.02). The predominance of right-arm disorders was more pronounced in the follow-up than at the baseline. For the neck-shoulders-upper back, there was no consistent difference between the baseline and follow-up values; disorders increased significantly among the "young" controllers (< or =37 years), but not among the "older" ones. Perceived decision latitude decreased, while social support increased, but these changes did not explain the disorders that appeared in the elbows-hands.
Intensive mouse-based computer work, with constrained posture and little rest in the forearm muscles, was associated with an increased risk of disorders in the elbows-hands. This finding should be considered for similar technological developments in other settings.
本研究旨在确定高强度鼠标操作的计算机工作是否会影响肌肉骨骼健康。
对148名从事高要求计算机工作的空中交通管制员（71名女性，77名男性）的颈上肢进行检查，检查时间为从多样化计算机工作转变为基于鼠标的系统之前（基线）以及转变后中位20个月（随访），这种转变导致了工作者身体暴露情况的显著变化（例如，通过技术测量评估，工作姿势变化减少，前臂伸肌休息时间减少）。记录投诉情况（根据北欧问卷）、诊断结果（标准化体格检查）以及心理社会工作环境（哥本哈根心理社会问卷）。
与基线相比，空中交通管制员在随访时肘手部疾病的患病率持续更高（投诉率30%对18%，P = 0.03；诊断率10%对3.4%，P = 0.02）。随访时右臂疾病的优势比基线时更为明显。对于颈肩-上背部，基线值和随访值之间没有一致的差异；“年轻”管制员（≤37岁）中疾病显著增加，但“年长”管制员中没有。感知到的决策自由度降低，而社会支持增加，但这些变化并不能解释肘手部出现的疾病。
基于鼠标的高强度计算机工作，姿势受限且前臂肌肉休息少，与肘手部疾病风险增加有关。在其他环境中的类似技术发展应考虑这一发现。
