Enns J T, Rensink R A
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Psychol Rev. 1991 Jul;98(3):335-51. doi: 10.1037/0033-295x.98.3.335.
It has generally been assumed that rapid visual search is based on simple features and that spatial relations between features are irrelevant for this task. Seven experiments involving search for line drawings contradict this assumption; a major determinant of search is the presence of line junctions. Arrow- and Y-junctions were detected rapidly in isolation and when they were embedded in drawings of rectangular polyhedra. Search for T-junctions was considerably slower. Drawings containing T-junctions often gave rise to very slow search even when distinguishing arrow- or Y-junctions were present. This sensitivity to line relations suggests that preattentive processes can extract 3-dimensional orientation from line drawings. A computational model is outlined for how this may be accomplished in early human vision.
人们通常认为，快速视觉搜索基于简单特征，并且特征之间的空间关系与该任务无关。七个涉及线条图搜索的实验与这一假设相矛盾；搜索的一个主要决定因素是线条交叉点的存在。箭头和Y形交叉点在孤立状态下以及嵌入长方体图形时都能被快速检测到。搜索T形交叉点则要慢得多。即使存在可区分的箭头或Y形交叉点，包含T形交叉点的图形通常也会导致搜索非常缓慢。这种对线条关系的敏感性表明，前注意过程可以从线条图中提取三维方向。本文概述了一个关于在早期人类视觉中如何实现这一点的计算模型。
