Paschos K A, Bird N
Unit of Surgical Oncology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, the University of Sheffield, England, UK.
Hippokratia. 2008 Jul;12(3):132-8.
Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the developed world, due to formation of distant metastases. The liver is a primary target organ of metastatic lesions, which substantially influence the morbidity of the disease. Prompt diagnosis of colorectal liver metastases leads to early treatment, which favours a better prognosis. Consequently, the diagnostic process has shifted from traditional clinical and biochemical procedures to technologically advanced imaging modalities, such as CT, MRI, FDG-PET and PET-CT. However, the only current curative therapeutic approach is the surgical resection of metastases, using the new methods of tissue excision and haemostasis. New therapeutic modalities like cryo- or radiofrequency ablation and portal vein embolisation as well as pharmaceutical innovations such as hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, isolated hepatic perfusion and contemporary chemotherapeutic regimens have emerged. While still under evaluation, they present promise for the future treatment of unresectable liver metastases.
在发达国家，结直肠癌是癌症死亡的第二大主要原因，这是由于远处转移灶的形成。肝脏是转移病灶的主要靶器官，其对疾病的发病率有重大影响。及时诊断结直肠癌肝转移可实现早期治疗，从而有利于获得更好的预后。因此，诊断过程已从传统的临床和生化检查方法转向技术先进的成像方式，如CT、MRI、FDG-PET和PET-CT。然而，目前唯一的根治性治疗方法是采用新的组织切除和止血方法进行转移灶的手术切除。冷冻或射频消融、门静脉栓塞等新的治疗方式以及肝动脉灌注化疗、孤立肝灌注和当代化疗方案等药物创新已经出现。虽然仍在评估中，但它们为未来不可切除肝转移灶的治疗带来了希望。
