Simmons Rebecca
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Semin Perinatol. 2008 Oct;32(5):371-4. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2008.08.004.
Obesity is a growing threat worldwide, and the prevalence has risen dramatically over the last decade. A number of epidemiological studies have shown that there is a direct relationship between birth weight and BMI in childhood and in adult life. A number of factors influence the development of childhood and adult obesity and birth weight as a proxy for the intrauterine environment may be one of the many. For example, a number of investigators have reported a significant increase in the rates of obesity in children, adolescents, and adults whose mothers had diabetes during pregnancy. A large number of studies have also linked low birth weight to the later development of central adiposity. Thus, both excess and reduced nutrient availability during fetal development can lead to the later development of obesity. This review summarizes both human and animal studies relating fetal exposures to later obesity.
肥胖在全球范围内构成的威胁日益增大，其患病率在过去十年中急剧上升。多项流行病学研究表明，出生体重与儿童期及成年期的体重指数（BMI）之间存在直接关联。许多因素会影响儿童期和成年期肥胖症的发展，而出生体重作为子宫内环境的一个代表指标，可能是众多因素之一。例如，一些研究人员报告称，母亲在孕期患有糖尿病的儿童、青少年及成年人的肥胖率显著上升。大量研究还将低出生体重与后来的中心性肥胖发展联系起来。因此，胎儿发育期间营养供应过多或过少都可能导致日后肥胖症的发生。这篇综述总结了关于胎儿暴露与日后肥胖症之间关系的人体研究和动物研究。
