Hess Jeremy J, Malilay Josephine N, Parkinson Alan J
National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia 30341-3717, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2008 Nov;35(5):468-78. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2008.08.024.
Climate change-related risks are place-specific and path-dependent. Accordingly, location is an important determinant of hazardous exposure, and certain places will bear more risk than others. This article reviews the major environmental exposures associated with risky places in the U.S., including coastal regions, islands, the desert Southwest, vectorborne and zoonotic disease border regions, cities, and the U.S. Arctic (Alaska), with emphasis on exposures and vulnerable populations of concern. In addition to these hotspots, this study considers the ways in which the concept of place--the sense of human relationship with particular environments--will play a key role in motivating, developing, and deploying an effective public health response. In considering the importance of place, we highlight the concepts of community resilience and risk management, key aspects of a robust response to climate change in public health and other sectors.
与气候变化相关的风险具有地点特异性且依赖于发展路径。因此，地理位置是危险暴露的一个重要决定因素，某些地方将比其他地方承受更多风险。本文回顾了与美国危险地区相关的主要环境暴露情况，包括沿海地区、岛屿、西南部沙漠地区、媒介传播和人畜共患病边境地区、城市以及美国北极地区（阿拉斯加），重点关注相关暴露情况和受关注的脆弱人群。除了这些热点地区，本研究还探讨了“地点”这一概念——即人类与特定环境的关系意识——在激发、发展和部署有效的公共卫生应对措施方面将如何发挥关键作用。在考虑地点的重要性时，我们强调了社区复原力和风险管理的概念，这是公共卫生及其他部门对气候变化做出有力应对的关键方面。
