Matzke Marianne, Stolte Stefan, Arning Jürgen, Uebers Ute, Filser Juliane
Department 10: Ecology, University of Bremen, UFT - Centre for Environmental Research and Technology, Leobener Strasse, Bremen, Germany.
Ecotoxicology. 2009 Feb;18(2):197-203. doi: 10.1007/s10646-008-0272-3. Epub 2008 Oct 19.
This study contributes to a prospective hazard assessment of ionic liquids, focusing on the terrestrial environment. The influence of differently composed soils-varying contents of the clay minerals smectite and kaolinite-on the toxicity of different anion species of imidazolium based ionic liquids was studied for growth inhibition of wheat (Triticum aestivum). IM14 (CF(3)SO(2))(2)N appeared the most toxic, independently of the investigated soil type. The toxicity of IM14 Cl, IM14 BF(4) and IM14 HSO(4) was mainly dominated by the cationic moiety. The observed effects varied in dependence of the added clay type and clay concentration. An increase of clay content resulted in less pronounced effects of these substances. In contrast, for IM14 (CF(3)SO(2))(2)N the addition of clay minerals caused higher toxic effects in comparison to the reference soil. Our results give first hints for the assumption, that ionic liquids whose toxic action is based on the anionic moiety are especially hazardous for soils, particular for soils with high clay contents.
本研究有助于对离子液体进行前瞻性危害评估，重点关注陆地环境。研究了不同组成的土壤（蒙脱石和高岭土等粘土矿物含量不同）对基于咪唑鎓的离子液体不同阴离子种类毒性的影响，以评估其对小麦（普通小麦）生长的抑制作用。IM14（CF(3)SO(2))(2)N似乎毒性最大，与所研究的土壤类型无关。IM14 Cl、IM14 BF(4)和IM14 HSO(4)的毒性主要由阳离子部分主导。观察到的效应因添加的粘土类型和粘土浓度而异。粘土含量增加导致这些物质的效应不那么明显。相比之下，对于IM14（CF(3)SO(2))(2)N，与参考土壤相比，添加粘土矿物会导致更高的毒性效应。我们的结果首次提示了这样一种假设，即其毒性作用基于阴离子部分的离子液体对土壤尤其有害，特别是对粘土含量高的土壤。
