Fundter Dick Q P, Jonkman Bas, Beerman Steve, Goemans Corsmas L P M, Briggs Rosanna, Coumans Frits, Lahaye Jan Willem, Bierens Joost
Safety Faculty Hogeschool Zeeland/University of Applied Sciences, Vlissingen, the Netherlands.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2008 Jul-Aug;23(4):s70-3. doi: 10.1017/s1049023x00021282.
During the 15th World Congress on Disaster and Emergency Medicine in Amsterdam, May 2007 (15WCDEM), a targeted agenda program (TAP) about the public health aspects of large-scale floods was organized. The main goal of the TAP was the establishment of an overview of issues that would help governmental decision-makers to develop policies to increase the resilience of the citizens during floods. During the meetings, it became clear that citizens have a natural resistance to evacuations. This results in death due to drowning and injuries. Recently, communication and education programs have been developed that may increase awareness that timely evacuation is important and can be life-saving. After a flood, health problems persist over prolonged periods, including increased death rates during the first year after a flood and a higher incidence of chronic illnesses that last for decades after the flood recedes. Population-based resilience (bottom-up) and governmental responsibility (top-down) must be combined to prepare regions for the health impact of evacuations and floods. More research data are needed to become better informed about the health impact and consequences of translocation of health infrastructures after evacuations. A better understanding of the consequences of floods will support governmental decision-making to mitigate the health impact. A top-10 priority action list was formulated.
2007年5月在阿姆斯特丹举行的第15届世界灾害与急诊医学大会（15WCDEM）期间，组织了一项关于大规模洪水公共卫生方面的目标议程计划（TAP）。TAP的主要目标是梳理一系列问题，以帮助政府决策者制定政策，增强民众在洪水期间的适应能力。会议期间发现，民众对疏散存在天然抵触情绪，这导致了溺水死亡和受伤情况。最近，已制定了沟通和教育计划，可能会提高人们对及时疏散重要性及救生作用的认识。洪水过后，健康问题会长期存在，包括洪水发生后第一年死亡率上升以及洪水退去几十年后慢性病发病率更高。必须将基于人群的适应能力（自下而上）和政府责任（自上而下）结合起来，让各地区为疏散和洪水对健康的影响做好准备。需要更多研究数据，以便更全面地了解疏散后卫生基础设施转移对健康的影响和后果。更好地了解洪水的后果将有助于政府决策，减轻对健康的影响。为此制定了一份十大优先行动清单。
