技术创新与健康不平等
Technological innovation and inequality in health.
作者信息
Glied Sherry, Lleras-Muney Adriana
机构信息
Department of Health Policy and Management Department of Economics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, USA.
出版信息
Demography. 2008 Aug;45(3):741-61. doi: 10.1353/dem.0.0017.
Abstract
The effect of education on health has been increasing over the past several decades. We hypothesize that this increasing disparity is related to health-related technical progress: more-educated people are the first to take advantage of technological advances that improve health. We test this hypothesis using data on disease-specific mortality rates for 1980 and 1990, and cancer registry data for 1973-1993. We estimate education gradients in mortality using compulsory schooling as a measure of education. We then relate these gradients to two measures of health-related innovation: the number of active drug ingredients available to treat a disease, and the rate of change in mortality from that disease. We find that more-educated individuals have a greater survival advantage in those diseases for which there has been more health-related technological progress.
摘要
在过去几十年里，教育对健康的影响一直在增强。我们推测，这种差距不断扩大与健康相关的技术进步有关：受教育程度较高的人率先利用改善健康的技术进步。我们使用1980年和1990年特定疾病死亡率数据以及1973 - 1993年癌症登记数据来检验这一假设。我们以义务教育作为教育衡量标准来估计死亡率方面的教育梯度。然后，我们将这些梯度与健康相关创新的两个指标联系起来：治疗一种疾病可用的活性药物成分数量，以及该疾病死亡率的变化率。我们发现，在那些有更多健康相关技术进步的疾病中，受教育程度较高的个体具有更大的生存优势。
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