Arce Constantino, Torrado Julio, Andrade Elena, Garrido Javier, de Francisco Cristina
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Psicothema. 2008 Nov;20(4):913-7.
This study describes the process of developing a scale to measure the leadership capacity of players in sports teams. Research into sports leadership has focused almost exclusively on the formal leadership of the coach, in which the studies by Chelladurai, with his five-factor model, have become an essential point of reference. Nevertheless, hardly any research has been carried out into the leadership that certain players exercise over the other team members. For this purpose, a sample of 143 male basketball players was used; these participants were asked to evaluate the characteristics of the sports leader over a total of 54 indicators. Firstly, explanatory factor analysis was performed with participants' responses, using principal axis and oblique rotation methods. The factor structure obtained was then subjected to confirmatory factorial analysis, enabling us to propose a Sports Leader Evaluation Scale (EELD, in Spanish) with 18 items grouped into 3 factors, denominated empathy and responsibility, assertiveness, and impulsiveness. Satisfactory fit indices were obtained for the model, for the reliability of items and for the internal consistency of factors.
本研究描述了开发一种量表以衡量运动队中运动员领导能力的过程。体育领导力的研究几乎完全集中在教练的正式领导方面，其中切拉杜拉伊的五因素模型研究已成为一个重要的参考点。然而，几乎没有针对某些运动员对其他队员行使的领导力进行研究。为此，使用了143名男性篮球运动员的样本；这些参与者被要求对总共54个指标的体育领导者特征进行评估。首先，使用主轴法和斜交旋转法对参与者的回答进行解释性因素分析。然后对得到的因素结构进行验证性因素分析，使我们能够提出一个包含18个项目、分为3个因素的体育领导者评估量表（西班牙语为EELD），这3个因素分别为同理心与责任感、果敢性和冲动性。该模型在项目可靠性和因素内部一致性方面均获得了令人满意的拟合指数。
