Reid A, Heyworth J, de Klerk N, Musk A W
Occupational Respiratory Epidemiology, School of Population Health, M431, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
Occup Environ Med. 2008 Nov;65(11):743-9. doi: 10.1136/oem.2007.035782.
Knowledge of mortality patterns following exposure to asbestos has been determined mostly from cohort studies of men who were exposed to asbestos in their workplace. Women are more likely to have obtained their asbestos exposure domestically or from their environment.
2552 women and girls are documented to have lived in the blue asbestos mining and milling township of Wittenoom between 1943 and 1992 and were not involved in asbestos mining or milling. Quantitative asbestos exposure measurements were derived from periodic dust surveys undertaken in the industry and around the township. Death records were obtained for the period 1950-2004. Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated to compare the Wittenoom women's mortality with that of the Western Australian female population.
There were 425 deaths, including 30 from malignant mesothelioma. There was excess mortality for all causes of death (SMR = 1.13), all neoplasms (SMR = 1.42), symptoms, signs and ill defined conditions (SMR = 6.35), lung cancer (SMR = 2.15) and pneumoconiosis (SMR = 11.8). Mortality from cancer of the ovary (SMR = 1.52), upper aerodigestive cancers (SMR = 2.70) and tuberculosis (SMR = 5.38) was increased but not significantly. The risk of death from mesothelioma was increased, but not significantly, in residents known to have lived with or washed the clothes of an Australian Blue Asbestos Company asbestos worker (HR = 2.67, 95% CI 0.77 to 9.21; HR = 2.61, 95% CI 0.85 to 7.99, respectively).
Women who were former residents of Wittenoom, exposed to asbestos in their environment or in their home, have excess cancer mortality, including mesothelioma, compared with the Western Australian female population.
接触石棉后的死亡模式知识大多来自对在工作场所接触石棉的男性进行的队列研究。女性更有可能在家庭环境或周围环境中接触石棉。
记录显示，1943年至1992年期间，有2552名妇女和女孩居住在蓝石棉开采和加工城镇维特努姆，她们未参与石棉开采或加工。石棉接触量的定量测量数据来自该行业及城镇周边定期进行的粉尘调查。获取了1950年至2004年期间的死亡记录。计算标准化死亡比（SMR），以比较维特努姆妇女的死亡率与西澳大利亚女性人口的死亡率。
共有425人死亡，其中30人死于恶性间皮瘤。所有死因（SMR = 1.13）、所有肿瘤（SMR = 1.42）、症状、体征及未明确诊断的疾病（SMR = 6.35）、肺癌（SMR = 2.15）和尘肺病（SMR = 11.8）的死亡率均过高。卵巢癌（SMR = 1.52）、上呼吸消化道癌症（SMR = 2.70）和结核病（SMR = 5.38）的死亡率有所上升，但未达到显著水平。已知与澳大利亚蓝石棉公司石棉工人生活在一起或为其洗衣服的居民，死于间皮瘤的风险有所增加，但未达到显著水平（风险比分别为2.67，95%置信区间为0.77至9.21；风险比为2.61，95%置信区间为0.85至7.99）。
与西澳大利亚女性人口相比
