Tamura A, Ara T, Imamura Y, Fujii T, Wang P-L
Department of Pharmacology, Matsumoto Dental University, Hirooka, Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan.
Eur J Med Res. 2008 Sep 22;13(9):439-45.
Periodontal disease is considered to be a bio?film infectious disease. The effects of macrolide and tetracycline on biofilm were examined in in vitro biofilm model made of periodontal disease-associated bacteria.
Biofilms were made on salivary pellicle by adding Streptococcus gordonii for 2 days, followed by Porphyromonas gingivalis inoculation for 2, 5, or 12 days. Biofilms were treated with macrolide antibiotics; erythromycin (EM), azithromycin (AZM) and josamycin (JOM) and tetracycline antibiotic, minocycline (MINO). The effects of these antibiotics on biofilms were examined using colorimetric quantification method, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).
When antibiotics were added to the biofilm 2 days after inoculation of Porphyromonas gingivalis (biofilm inhibition model), all four antibiotics decreased the number of bacteria by both colorimetric method and SEM observation. When antibiotics were added to biofilms 5 or 12 days after inoculation (biofilm destruction model), those in biofilms were decreased by EM and AZM compared with JOM and MINO. Moreover, CLSM observation demonstrated that EM and AZM killed bacteria in biofilm more deeply than JOM and MINO.
These results suggest the feasibility of EM and AZM for the treatment of periodontal disease as a biofilm infectious disease.
牙周病被认为是一种生物膜感染性疾病。在由牙周病相关细菌制成的体外生物膜模型中，研究了大环内酯类和四环素对生物膜的影响。
通过添加戈登链球菌2天在唾液薄膜上形成生物膜，随后接种牙龈卟啉单胞菌2、5或12天。生物膜用大环内酯类抗生素（红霉素（EM）、阿奇霉素（AZM）和交沙霉素（JOM））和四环素类抗生素米诺环素（MINO）进行处理。使用比色定量法、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和共聚焦激光扫描显微镜（CLSM）检测这些抗生素对生物膜的影响。
在接种牙龈卟啉单胞菌2天后向生物膜中添加抗生素（生物膜抑制模型）时，通过比色法和SEM观察，所有四种抗生素均减少了细菌数量。在接种后5天或12天向生物膜中添加抗生素（生物膜破坏模型）时，与JOM和MINO相比，EM和AZM减少了生物膜中的细菌数量。此外，CLSM观察表明，EM和AZM比JOM和MINO更能深入杀死生物膜中的细菌。
这些结果表明，EM和AZM作为生物膜感染性疾病治疗牙周病具有可行性。
