Horisawa M, Niinomi N, Ito T
Division of Pediatric Surgery, Anjo Kosei Hospital, Japan.
J Pediatr Surg. 1991 Jul;26(7):766-9. doi: 10.1016/0022-3468(91)90134-f.
The high postoperative recurrence rate of the thyroglossal duct cyst is well known. Since Sistrunk's operation was used, the recurrence rate was remarkably reduced, but the anatomical description of the thyroglossal duct through the entire tract has not been clarified in detail. For a more accurate anatomical understanding of the thyroglossal duct, 10 specimens obtained from Sistrunk's operation were studied using histological reconstruction, and a common running pattern of the thyroglossal duct was found. The cyst is usually located caudal to the hyoid bone mostly at the midline. The duct extends upward from the cyst ventral to the hyoid bone, with many or a few branches and secretory glands. These ducts or branches merge into a single duct at the level of the cranial portion of the hyoid bone. However, as it leaves the hyoid bone and approaches the foramen cecum, a single duct spreads out into many ductuli like the tip of a broom, which communicate with many secretory glands. There were three cases in which the duct was found behind the hyoid bone, but in no case did the thyroglossal duct run through the back of the hyoid bone. The duct behind the hyoid bone was recognized as a branch from the main duct in the dorsal direction. It ascended to the dorsal surface of the hyoid bone and terminated blind. These findings emphasized the importance of Sistrunk's operation to prevent a recurrence.
甲状舌管囊肿术后高复发率是众所周知的。自从采用Sistrunk手术以来，复发率显著降低，但甲状舌管在整个行程中的解剖学描述尚未详细阐明。为了更准确地了解甲状舌管的解剖结构，利用组织学重建方法研究了10例取自Sistrunk手术的标本，发现了甲状舌管的常见走行模式。囊肿通常位于舌骨下方，大多在中线处。导管从囊肿向上延伸至舌骨腹侧，有许多或少数分支及分泌腺。这些导管或分支在舌骨颅部水平汇入单一导管。然而，当它离开舌骨并接近盲孔时，单一导管像扫帚尖一样散开成许多小导管，与许多分泌腺相通。有3例发现导管位于舌骨后方，但甲状舌管无一例穿过舌骨后方。舌骨后方的导管被认为是主导管向背侧发出的分支。它上升至舌骨背侧表面并盲端终止。这些发现强调了Sistrunk手术对预防复发的重要性。
