Eberli Daniel, Freitas Filho Luiz, Atala Anthony, Yoo James J
Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC 27154-1094, USA.
Methods. 2009 Feb;47(2):109-15. doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2008.10.014. Epub 2008 Oct 24.
Several types of synthetic and naturally derived biomaterials have been used for augmenting hollow organs and tissues. However, each has desirable traits which were exclusive of the other. We fabricated a composite scaffold and tested its potential for the engineering of hollow organs in a bladder tissue model. The composite scaffolds were configured to accommodate a large number of cells on one side and were designed to serve as a barrier on the opposite side. The scaffolds were fabricated by bonding a collagen matrix to PGA polymers with threaded collagen fiber stitches. Urothelial and bladder smooth muscle cells were seeded on the composite scaffolds, and implanted in mice for up to 4 weeks and analyzed. Both cell types readily attached and proliferated on the scaffolds and formed bladder tissue-like structures in vivo. These structures consisted of a luminal urothelial layer, a collagen rich compartment and a peripheral smooth muscle layer. Biomechanical studies demonstrated that the tissues were readily elastic while maintaining their pre-configured structures. This study demonstrates that a composite scaffold can be fabricated with two completely different polymer systems for the engineering of hollow organs. The composite scaffolds are biocompatible, possess adequate physical and structural characteristics for bladder tissue engineering, and are able to form tissues in vivo. This scaffold system may be useful in patients requiring hollow organ replacement.
几种合成的和天然衍生的生物材料已被用于增大中空器官和组织。然而，每种材料都有各自独特的理想特性。我们制作了一种复合支架，并在膀胱组织模型中测试了其用于中空器官工程的潜力。复合支架被设计成一侧可容纳大量细胞，另一侧用作屏障。通过用带螺纹的胶原纤维缝线将胶原基质与聚乙醇酸（PGA）聚合物结合来制作支架。将尿路上皮细胞和膀胱平滑肌细胞接种在复合支架上，并植入小鼠体内长达4周后进行分析。两种细胞类型都很容易附着在支架上并增殖，且在体内形成了膀胱组织样结构。这些结构由腔内尿路上皮层、富含胶原的隔室和外周平滑肌层组成。生物力学研究表明，这些组织具有良好的弹性，同时保持其预先设定的结构。这项研究表明，可以用两种完全不同的聚合物系统制作复合支架用于中空器官工程。复合支架具有生物相容性，具备膀胱组织工程所需的足够物理和结构特性，并且能够在体内形成组织。这种支架系统可能对需要中空器官置换的患者有用。
