Herman Lisa E, Acosta Michelle C, Chang Pi-Nian
St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, Dept. of Psychiatry, New York, New York, USA.
Can J Clin Pharmacol. 2008 Fall;15(3):e411-9. Epub 2008 Oct 24.
A portion of children are born with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). Most present with significant difficulties in attention, with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) being the most common psychiatric co-morbidity.
The current study will describe behavioral and executive functioning (EF) deficits in attention in a group of children with FASD. Effects of gender and ADHD diagnosis will be explored.
Existing data from the University of Minnesota's Pediatric Psychology clinic was utilized. Of 191 children with FASD in the database, 36 children (ages 6-16) had complete scores on measures of behavioral and EF attention deficits. Multivariate Analyses of Variance (MANOVA) were used to examine the impact of gender and ADHD diagnosis on behavioral checklist scores and on a variety of EF measures.
FASD males were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD (68%) than FASD females (29%). No impact of gender or diagnosis was found for behavioral measures of attention, but an interaction of gender and diagnosis emerged for EF. Females with ADHD evidenced deficits in EF compared to females without ADHD. However, males with ADHD performed better on measures of EF than their non-ADHD counterparts.
An ADHD diagnosis in FASD children needs to be reconsidered, especially for males.
一部分儿童出生时患有胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）。大多数患儿存在显著的注意力问题，注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是最常见的共病精神障碍。
本研究将描述一组患有FASD的儿童在注意力方面的行为和执行功能（EF）缺陷。将探讨性别和ADHD诊断的影响。
利用明尼苏达大学儿科心理学诊所的现有数据。数据库中的191名患有FASD的儿童中，36名儿童（6 - 16岁）在行为和EF注意力缺陷测量中获得了完整分数。采用多变量方差分析（MANOVA）来检验性别和ADHD诊断对行为清单分数以及各种EF测量的影响。
FASD男性比FASD女性更有可能被诊断为ADHD（68% 对29%）。在注意力行为测量中未发现性别或诊断的影响，但在EF方面出现了性别与诊断的交互作用。与没有ADHD的女性相比，患有ADHD的女性在EF方面存在缺陷。然而，患有ADHD的男性在EF测量中的表现优于未患ADHD的男性。
对于患有FASD的儿童，尤其是男性，ADHD的诊断需要重新考虑。
