Cockerill I M, Nevill A M, Lyons N
School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK.
J Sports Sci. 1991 Summer;9(2):205-12. doi: 10.1080/02640419108729881.
Because moods are transitory emotional states that can be influenced by a range of personality and environmental factors, the notion that elite athletes will always tend to produce a so-called iceberg profile of mood, and that less successful performers will not, is open to question. Evidence for such a claim is based principally upon descriptive studies. The present experiment used the POMS inventory as a predictor of cross-country running performance among a group of experienced male athletes. Race times from two competitive events were plotted against each of six mood factors. Using data from race 1, a multiple-regression model--incorporating the interdependence of tension, anger and depression--was able to predict rank order of finishing positions for race 2 with acceptable accuracy (rs = 0.74, P less than 0.01). The present approach differs from the traditional model of mood research in sport in that it provides a prescriptive, rather than a descriptive, focus. Although the model that has been developed appears promising, it is likely that in sports where demands on athletes are very different from those made upon cross-country runners, an alternative model may be required.
由于情绪是短暂的情感状态，会受到一系列个性和环境因素的影响，因此精英运动员总是倾向于呈现出所谓的情绪冰山剖面图，而表现欠佳的运动员则不会这样的观点值得质疑。这种说法的证据主要基于描述性研究。本实验使用情绪状态量表（POMS）作为一组经验丰富的男性运动员越野跑成绩的预测指标。将两项竞技赛事的比赛时间与六个情绪因素中的每一个进行对比。利用第一场比赛的数据，一个包含紧张、愤怒和抑郁相互关系的多元回归模型能够以可接受的准确率预测第二场比赛的完赛名次顺序（rs = 0.74，P < 0.01）。本方法与体育领域传统的情绪研究模型不同，因为它提供了一种规范性的而非描述性的重点。尽管已开发的模型看起来很有前景，但在对运动员的要求与对越野跑运动员的要求非常不同的运动项目中，可能需要一个替代模型。
