So Tsz-Yin, Farrington Elizabeth
University of North Carolina Hospitals, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
J Pediatr Health Care. 2008 Nov-Dec;22(6):335-9; quiz 340-1. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2008.08.008.
Topical benzocaine is an anesthetic agent that is often used before procedures and clinical tests, such as esophagoscopy, bronchoscopy, and endotracheal intubation. However, a potential deadly condition known as methemoglobinemia can occur with this agent. It causes the oxidation of hemoglobin to methemoglobinemia to occur more rapidly than the reduction of methemoglobin back to hemoglobin. Certain congenital and clinical conditions that affect oxygen delivery can increase the patient's risk of having methemoglobinemia develop with the use of benzocaine. Topical benzocaine-induced methemoglobinemia can occur in the pediatric population. Prompt management with intravenous methylene blue should be initiated for reversal.
外用苯佐卡因是一种麻醉剂，常用于手术和临床检查之前，如食管镜检查、支气管镜检查和气管插管。然而，使用这种药物可能会引发一种名为高铁血红蛋白血症的潜在致命病症。它会导致血红蛋白氧化为高铁血红蛋白的速度比高铁血红蛋白还原为血红蛋白的速度更快。某些影响氧气输送的先天性和临床病症会增加患者使用苯佐卡因后发生高铁血红蛋白血症的风险。外用苯佐卡因引起的高铁血红蛋白血症可发生于儿童群体。应立即采用静脉注射亚甲蓝进行快速处理以逆转病情。
