Karkoulias Kiriakos, Tsitsaras Haralampos, Patouchas Dimitrios, Sampsonas Fotis, Likouras Dimostenis, Kaparianos Alexander, Spiropoulos Kostas
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pneumology, University Hospital of Patras, Rio, Patras, Greece.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2008;44(9):651-64.
The purpose of this review article is to prove the damage that alcohol causes to the respiratory system. We will make a brief review of alcohols history in the course of the centuries till nowadays. The problem of addiction to alcohol (alcoholism) will be examined for several countries. Alcohol's metabolism is another topic to be discussed parallel to its pharmacological action. In addition, alcohol's impact on the respiratory system varies from damaging the mucociliary system to the regulation of breathing and from the sleep apnea syndrome to diffusion disorders. "Alcoholic lung disease" constitutes a syndrome despite the fact that the damage of the lung due to concurrent smoking and drug use is often indistinguishable.
这篇综述文章的目的是证明酒精对呼吸系统造成的损害。我们将简要回顾几个世纪以来直至当今酒精的历史。还将研究几个国家的酒精成瘾（酗酒）问题。酒精的代谢是与它的药理作用并行讨论的另一个话题。此外，酒精对呼吸系统的影响各不相同，从损害黏液纤毛系统到影响呼吸调节，从睡眠呼吸暂停综合征到扩散障碍。尽管由于同时吸烟和使用药物导致的肺部损伤往往难以区分，但“酒精性肺病”仍构成一种综合征。
