Lin G Z, Peng R F, Chen Q, Wu Z G, Du L
Department of School Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 23# Zhongshan 3rd, Guangzhou, China.
Environ Res. 2009 Jan;109(1):1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2008.09.003. Epub 2008 Oct 31.
After prohibitions on lead gasoline additives, which have proved to be a public health accomplishment world wide, many countries focus on other exposure source of children lead poisoning. Removing lead from paints is one of the important measures. Although there have been regulatory limits on lead in paints in China, evidence reported in this article indicates that lead-based paints were very common in new paints available for housing and in existing residential paints. Twenty-nine of 58 new paint samples (50%) had lead content equal to or exceeding 600 ppm, including 14 (24%) equal to or exceeding 5000 ppm. The highest sample contained 153,000 ppm lead, about 15% of the paint weight. Thirty-two new paints (55%) contained "soluble" lead exceeding 90 ppm, the current lead limit on paints in China. Of the existing paints, 16 of 28 samples of existing paint (57%) collected from 24 kindergartens and primary schools had lead concentrations equal to or exceeding 600 ppm, including six samples (21%) equal to or exceeding 5000 ppm. The highest concentration sample contained 51,800 ppm lead, accounting for 5.2% of the paint weight. It has been shown in many areas that paint lead is a major exposure source for lead poisoning in children. This is particularly true after the phasing out of lead from gasoline. Effective limitation on lead content in new paint, and lead hazard control measures directed towards existing paint, could reduce children blood lead levels (BLLs). There has been a lead standard for paints in China since 1986 and a stricter limit was introduced in recent years. Governments should take it seriously and enforce regulations, commit a long-term challenge to eliminate paint lead as it is the threat to current and the next generation.
在全球范围内，禁止使用含铅汽油添加剂已被证明是一项公共卫生成就之后，许多国家开始关注儿童铅中毒的其他暴露源。去除油漆中的铅是重要措施之一。虽然中国对油漆中的铅已有监管限制，但本文报道的证据表明，含铅油漆在可供房屋使用的新油漆以及现有住宅油漆中非常普遍。58个新油漆样本中有29个（50%）的铅含量等于或超过600 ppm，其中14个（24%）等于或超过5000 ppm。最高的样本含铅量为153,000 ppm，约占油漆重量的15%。32种新油漆（55%）的“可溶性”铅含量超过90 ppm，即中国目前的油漆铅含量限制。在从24所幼儿园和小学采集的28个现有油漆样本中，有16个（57%）的铅浓度等于或超过600 ppm，其中6个样本（21%）等于或超过5000 ppm。最高浓度样本含铅量为51,800 ppm，占油漆重量的5.2%。许多地区已表明，油漆中的铅是儿童铅中毒的主要暴露源。在汽油中逐步淘汰铅之后尤其如此。有效限制新油漆中的铅含量，并针对现有油漆采取铅危害控制措施，可降低儿童血铅水平（BLLs）。自1986年以来中国就有油漆铅标准，近年来又出台了更严格的限制。政府应予以重视并执行相关规定，应对消除油漆中的铅这一长期挑战，因为它对当代和下一代构成威胁。
