Cowgill Burton O, Bogart Laura M, Corona Rosalie, Ryan Gery, Schuster Mark A
Department of Pediatrics, University of California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
Pediatrics. 2008 Nov;122(5):e950-8. doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-0390.
Children of HIV-infected parents may be affected by their parents' disease even if not infected themselves. Because of advances in HIV treatment that have reduced the risk for vertical HIV transmission from mother to child, more HIV-infected adults are having children. Few studies have examined whether families with an HIV-infected parent experience fears about transmission to children and how they address such fears. In this article, we describe transmission-related fears in families with an HIV-infected parent.
We used semistructured qualitative interviews, conducted in person from March 2004 to March 2005, with 33 HIV-infected parents, 27 minor children who were 9 to 17 years of age, 19 adult children, and 15 caregivers (adult family members or friends who helped care for the children and/or parents) to investigate their fears about HIV transmission. The parents are a subset from the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study, a study of people in care for HIV throughout the United States. We analyzed the interview transcripts for themes related to transmission fears.
In many of the families, participants identified >or=1 HIV transmission-related fear. Themes included specific fears related to blood contact, bathroom items, kissing/hugging, and food. Families addressed their fears by educating children about modes of HIV transmission and establishing rules or taking precautions to reduce the risk for HIV transmission in the household. HIV-infected parents were also concerned about catching opportunistic infections from a sick child.
Many of the fears experienced by HIV-infected parents and their children were based on misconceptions about modes of HIV transmission. Pediatricians and others who treat these children may be able to offer counseling to allay fears that family members have about household transmission of HIV.
感染艾滋病毒的父母的子女即便自身未被感染，也可能受到其父母疾病的影响。由于艾滋病毒治疗取得进展，降低了母婴垂直传播艾滋病毒的风险，越来越多感染艾滋病毒的成年人开始生育子女。很少有研究探讨过父母感染艾滋病毒的家庭是否担心病毒传染给孩子，以及他们如何应对此类担忧。在本文中，我们描述了父母感染艾滋病毒的家庭中与传播相关的担忧。
我们于2004年3月至2005年3月进行了半结构化定性访谈，访谈对象包括33名感染艾滋病毒的父母、27名9至17岁的未成年子女、19名成年子女以及15名照顾者（帮助照顾孩子和/或父母的成年家庭成员或朋友），以调查他们对艾滋病毒传播的担忧。这些父母是艾滋病毒成本与服务利用研究的一个子集，该研究针对美国各地接受艾滋病毒治疗的人群。我们分析了访谈记录，以找出与传播恐惧相关的主题。
在许多家庭中，参与者指出存在≥1种与艾滋病毒传播相关的恐惧。主题包括与血液接触、浴室用品、亲吻/拥抱和食物相关的特定恐惧。家庭通过向孩子传授艾滋病毒传播方式的知识以及制定规则或采取预防措施来降低家庭中艾滋病毒传播的风险，从而应对他们的恐惧。感染艾滋病毒的父母还担心从患病孩子那里感染机会性感染。
感染艾滋病毒的父母及其子女所经历的许多恐惧是基于对艾滋病毒传播方式的误解。治疗这些孩子的儿科医生和其他人或许能够提供咨询服务，以减轻家庭成员对艾滋病毒家庭传播的恐惧。
