Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2006 Dec;1(3):175-82. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsl035.
Autism and Williams syndrome are genetically based neurodevelopmental disorders that present strikingly different social phenotypes. Autism involves fundamental impairments in social reciprocity and communication, whereas people with Williams syndrome are highly sociable and engaging. This article reviews the behavioral and neuroimaging literature that has explored the neurocognitive mechanisms that underlie these contrasting social phenotypes, focusing on studies of face processing. The article concludes with a discussion of how the social phenotypes of both syndromes may be characterized by impaired connectivity between the amygdala and other critical regions in the 'social brain'.
自闭症和威廉姆斯综合征是基于遗传的神经发育障碍，它们表现出截然不同的社会表型。自闭症涉及到社交互惠和沟通方面的根本缺陷，而患有威廉姆斯综合征的人则非常善于社交和参与。本文综述了探索这些对比鲜明的社会表型背后神经认知机制的行为和神经影像学文献，重点研究了面部处理。本文最后讨论了这两种综合征的社会表型如何可能表现为杏仁核和“社交大脑”中其他关键区域之间的连接受损。
