Division of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences & Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2006 Dec;1(3):221-8. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsl031.
To understand the evolution of emotional communication, comparative research on facial expression similarities between humans and related species is essential. Chimpanzees display a complex, flexible facial expression repertoire with many physical and functional similarities to humans. This paper reviews what is known about these facial expression repertoires, discusses the importance of social organization in understanding the meaning of different expressions, and introduces a new coding system, the ChimpFACS, and describes how it can be used to determine homologies between human and chimpanzee facial expressions. Finally, it reviews previous studies on the categorization of facial expressions by chimpanzees using computerized tasks, and discusses the importance of configural processing for this skill in both humans and chimpanzees. Future directions for understanding the evolution of emotional communication will include studies on the social function of facial expressions in ongoing social interactions, the development of facial expression communication and more studies that examine the perception of these important social signals.
为了理解情感交流的演变，对人类和相关物种之间面部表情相似性的比较研究至关重要。黑猩猩表现出复杂、灵活的面部表情，其形态和功能与人类有许多相似之处。本文回顾了有关这些面部表情的知识，讨论了社会组织在理解不同表情含义方面的重要性，并介绍了一种新的编码系统，即 ChimpFACS，并描述了如何使用它来确定人类和黑猩猩面部表情之间的同源性。最后，本文回顾了之前使用计算机任务对黑猩猩面部表情进行分类的研究，并讨论了在人类和黑猩猩中，这种技能的模式处理的重要性。未来理解情感交流演变的方向将包括对社交互动中面部表情的社会功能、面部表情交流的发展以及更多研究这些重要社会信号的感知的研究。
