Macova Stanislava, Dolezelova Petra, Pistekova Vladimira, Svobodova Zdenka, Bedanova Iveta, Voslarova Eva
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2008 Oct;29(5):680-4.
Anaesthetics are used in aquaculture to prevent stress and mechanical damage to fish during handling or the treatment of fish in breeding, blood sampling and other veterinary interventions. Clove oil and 2-phenoxyethanol are used in the Czech Republic in a water bath for the short-term immobilization of the fish.
Acute toxicity tests were performed on aquarium fish Danio rerio, which is considered to be one of the model organisms most commonly used in toxicity testing. The semi-static method according to OECD No. 203 (Fish acute toxicity test) was used for testing juvenile fish. Embryo toxicity tests were performed in zebrafish embryos (D. rerio) in compliance with the OECD No. 212 methodology (Fish, short-term toxicity test on embryo and sac-fry stages). The results obtained (the number of dead individuals at particular test concentrations) were subjected to a probit analysis using the EKO-TOX 5.2 programme in order to determine LC50 clove oil and 2-phenoxyethanol values. The statistical significance of the difference between LC50 values in juvenile and embryonic stages of D. rerio was tested using the Mann-Whitney non-parametric test implemented in the Unistat 5.1 programme.
The LC50 clove oil mean value was 18.8 +/- 5.52 mg.L-1 in juvenile D. rerio, and 15.64 +/- 3.30 mg.L-1 in embryonic stages of D. rerio. The LC50 2-phenoxyethanol mean value was 338.22 +/- 15.22 mg.L-1 in juvenile D. rerio, whereas in embryonic stages of D. rerio it was 486.35 +/- 25.53 mg.L-1.
The study proved statistically significantly higher (p<0.01) sensitivity in juvenile fish to 2-phenoxyethanol compared to the embryonic stages. Acute toxicity values of clove oil for juvenile and embryonic stages were comparable.
麻醉剂用于水产养殖，以防止在处理鱼类或在繁殖、采血及其他兽医干预过程中对鱼造成应激和机械损伤。在捷克共和国，丁香油和2-苯氧基乙醇用于水浴中使鱼短期固定。
对热带观赏鱼斑马鱼进行急性毒性试验，斑马鱼被认为是毒性试验中最常用的模式生物之一。根据经合组织第203号（鱼类急性毒性试验）的半静态方法用于测试幼鱼。按照经合组织第212号方法（鱼类胚胎和幼体短期毒性试验）在斑马鱼胚胎（斑马鱼）中进行胚胎毒性试验。使用EKO-TOX 5.2程序对获得的结果（特定试验浓度下的死亡个体数量）进行概率分析，以确定丁香油和2-苯氧基乙醇的半数致死浓度（LC50）值。使用Unistat 5.1程序中实施的曼-惠特尼非参数检验来检验斑马鱼幼体和胚胎阶段LC50值之间差异的统计学显著性。
丁香油在斑马鱼幼体中的LC50平均值为18.8±5.52mg·L-1，在斑马鱼胚胎阶段为15.64±3.30mg·L-1。2-苯氧基乙醇在斑马鱼幼体中的LC50平均值为338.22±15.22mg·L-1，而在斑马鱼胚胎阶段为486.35±25.53mg·L-1。
该研究证明，与胚胎阶段相比，幼鱼对2-苯氧基乙醇的敏感性在统计学上显著更高（p<0.01）。丁香油对幼体和胚胎阶段的急性毒性值相当。
