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新皮层中的活动传播波:它们是什么,有什么作用。

Propagating waves of activity in the neocortex: what they are, what they do.

作者信息

Wu Jian-Young

机构信息

Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.

出版信息

Neuroscientist. 2008 Oct;14(5):487-502. doi: 10.1177/1073858408317066.

Abstract

The development of voltage-sensitive dyes (VSD) and fast optical imaging techniques have brought us a new tool for examining spatiotemporal patterns of population neuronal activity in the neocortex. Propagating waves have been observed during almost every type of cortical processing examined by VSD imaging or electrode arrays. These waves provide subthreshold depolarization to individual neurons and increase their spiking probability. Therefore, the propagation of the waves sets up a spatiotemporal framework for increased excitability in neuronal populations, which can help to determine when and where the neurons are likely to fire. In this review, first discussed is propagating waves observed in various systems and possible mechanisms for generating and sustaining these waves. Then discussed are wave dynamics as an emergent behavior of the population activity that can, in turn, influence the activity of individual neurons. The functions of spontaneous and sensory-evoked waves remain to be explored. An important next step will be to examine the interaction between dynamics of propagating waves and functions in the cortex, and to verify if cortical processing can be modified when these waves are altered.

摘要

电压敏感染料(VSD)和快速光学成像技术的发展为我们带来了一种新工具,用于研究新皮层中群体神经元活动的时空模式。在通过VSD成像或电极阵列检查的几乎每种类型的皮层处理过程中都观察到了传播波。这些波为单个神经元提供阈下去极化,并增加其放电概率。因此,波的传播建立了一个群体神经元兴奋性增加的时空框架,这有助于确定神经元可能何时何地放电。在这篇综述中,首先讨论的是在各种系统中观察到的传播波以及产生和维持这些波的可能机制。然后讨论的是波动力学作为群体活动的一种涌现行为,它反过来又可以影响单个神经元的活动。自发波和感觉诱发波的功能仍有待探索。接下来重要的一步将是研究传播波动力学与皮层功能之间的相互作用,并验证当这些波发生改变时皮层处理是否可以被改变。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/39c0/2679998/31f1d8ca1ed2/nihms96120f1.jpg

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