Brevard Sidney B, Weintraub Sharon L, Aiken James B, Halton Edward B, Duchesne Juan C, McSwain Norman E, Hunt John P, Marr Alan B
Departments of Surgery, and Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
J Trauma. 2008 Nov;65(5):1126-32. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e318188d6e5.
The purpose of this study was to compare disaster preparedness of a Level I Trauma Center with performance in an actual disaster. Previous disaster response evaluations have shown that the key to succeeding in responding to a catastrophic event is to anticipate the event, plan the response, and practice the plan. The Emergency Management Team had identified natural disaster as the hospital's highest threat. The hospital also served as the regional hospital for the Louisiana Health Resources and Service Administration Bioterrorism Hospital Preparedness Program.
The hospital master disaster plan, including the Code Gray annex, was retrospectively reviewed and compared with the actual events that occurred after Hurricane Katrina. Vital support areas were evaluated for adequacy using a systematic approach. In addition, a survey of 10 key personnel from trauma and emergency medicine present during Hurricane Katrina was conducted. The survey of vital support areas were scored as adequate (3 pts), partially adequate (2 pts), or inadequate (1 pt).
Ninety-three percent of the line items on the Code Gray Checklist were accomplished before landfall of the storm. The results of the survey of vital support areas were water-3.0, food-2.4, sanitation-1.5, communication-1.4, and power-1.5.
Despite identifying the threat of a major hurricane, preparing a response plan, and exercising the plan, a major medical center can be overwhelmed by a catastrophic disaster like Hurricane Katrina. We offer our lessons-learned as an aid for other medical centers that are developing and exercising their plans.
本研究的目的是比较一级创伤中心的灾难准备情况与实际灾难中的表现。以往的灾难应对评估表明，成功应对灾难性事件的关键是预测事件、制定应对计划并演练该计划。应急管理团队已将自然灾害确定为医院面临的最大威胁。该医院还作为路易斯安那州卫生资源与服务管理局生物恐怖主义医院准备计划的区域医院。
回顾性审查医院总体灾难计划，包括灰色代码附录，并与卡特里娜飓风过后实际发生的事件进行比较。采用系统方法评估关键支持领域的充足性。此外，对卡特里娜飓风期间在场的10名创伤和急诊医学关键人员进行了调查。对关键支持领域的调查评分为充足（3分）、部分充足（2分）或不足（1分）。
在风暴登陆前，灰色代码清单上93%的项目已完成。关键支持领域的调查结果为：水——3.0分，食物——2.4分，卫生设施——1.5分，通信——1.4分，电力——1.5分。
尽管已识别出大型飓风的威胁、制定了应对计划并演练了该计划，但一个大型医疗中心仍可能被像卡特里娜飓风这样的灾难性灾难压垮。我们总结了经验教训，以帮助其他正在制定和演练其计划的医疗中心。
