Takaro Tim K, Henderson Sarah B
Can Respir J. 2015 Jan-Feb;22(1):52-4. doi: 10.1155/2015/361687.
Climate change is already affecting the cardiorespiratory health of populations around the world, and these impacts are expected to increase. The present overview serves as a primer for respirologists who are concerned about how these profound environmental changes may affect their patients. The authors consider recent peer-reviewed literature with a focus on climate interactions with air pollution. They do not discuss in detail cardiorespiratory health effects for which the potential link to climate change is poorly understood. For example, pneumonia and influenza, which affect >500 million people per year, are not addressed, although clear seasonal variation suggests climate-related effects. Additionally, large global health impacts in low-resource countries, including migration precipitated by environmental change, are omitted. The major cardiorespiratory health impacts addressed are due to heat, air pollution and wildfires, shifts in allergens and infectious diseases along with respiratory impacts from flooding. Personal and societal choices about carbon use and fossil energy infrastructure should be informed by their impacts on health, and respirologists can play an important role in this discussion.
气候变化已经在影响世界各地人群的心肺健康，而且预计这些影响还会加剧。本综述旨在为关注这些深刻环境变化如何影响其患者的呼吸科医生提供入门指导。作者回顾了近期经过同行评审的文献，重点关注气候与空气污染的相互作用。他们没有详细讨论那些与气候变化潜在联系尚不清楚的心肺健康影响。例如，虽然明显的季节性变化表明存在与气候相关的影响，但每年影响超过5亿人的肺炎和流感并未涉及。此外，还忽略了低资源国家的重大全球健康影响，包括环境变化引发的移民问题。所讨论的主要心肺健康影响是由高温、空气污染、野火、过敏原和传染病的变化以及洪水对呼吸系统的影响导致的。关于碳使用和化石能源基础设施的个人和社会选择应考虑其对健康的影响，呼吸科医生在这一讨论中可以发挥重要作用。
