Walters J L, Buchholz A C, Martin Ginis K A
Department of Family Relations and Applied Human Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Spinal Cord. 2009 Apr;47(4):318-22. doi: 10.1038/sc.2008.134. Epub 2008 Nov 11.
Cross-sectional, observational study.
Estimate prevalence of inadequate dietary intakes in community-dwelling men and women with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI).
Ontario, Canada.
In-home interviewer administered multiple-pass 24-h recalls were collected at baseline (n=77) and at 6 months (n=68). Dietary intake (adjusted to remove intra-individual variation) was compared with the dietary reference intakes (DRIs), specifically the estimated average requirement, adequate intake (AI) and acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges (AMDR).
Macronutrient intakes, as percentages of daily energy, for men (16% protein, 52% carbohydrate, 30% fat) and women (17% protein, 53% carbohydrate, 28% fat) were within the AMDR. Despite this, inadequate intakes for men (n=63) and women (n=14) were determined for vitamin A (92 and 57%), magnesium (89 and 71%), folate (75 and 79%), zinc (71 and 29%), vitamin C (52 and 14%), thiamine (22 and 14%), vitamin B12 (6 and 29%), riboflavin (5% men) and vitamin B6 (24% men). Mean usual intakes of fiber, vitamin D, calcium and potassium fell below the AI for men and women. In all, 53% of participants consumed a micronutrient supplement in the previous 24 h at baseline and at 6 months-specifically, calcium (29, 19%), multivitamin (26, 25%), vitamin D (22, 12%) and vitamin C (9, 6%).
Our results show numerous nutrient inadequacies, relative to the DRIs, for men and women with SCI. This study has important implications for clinical dietetic practice in the SCI population.
横断面观察性研究。
估计社区居住的慢性脊髓损伤（SCI）男性和女性饮食摄入不足的患病率。
加拿大安大略省。
在家访时，由访员进行多次24小时膳食回顾，在基线时收集了77例，6个月时收集了68例。将膳食摄入量（调整以消除个体内差异）与膳食参考摄入量（DRIs）进行比较，特别是估计平均需求量、适宜摄入量（AI）和可接受的宏量营养素分布范围（AMDR）。
男性（蛋白质16%、碳水化合物52%、脂肪30%）和女性（蛋白质17%、碳水化合物53%、脂肪28%）的宏量营养素摄入量占每日能量的百分比在AMDR范围内。尽管如此，仍确定男性（63例）和女性（14例）存在维生素A（92%和57%）、镁（89%和71%）、叶酸（75%和79%）、锌（71%和29%）、维生素C（52%和14%）、硫胺素（22%和14%）、维生素B12（6%和29%）、核黄素（男性5%）和维生素B6（男性24%）摄入不足。男性和女性膳食纤维、维生素D、钙和钾的平均通常摄入量低于AI。总体而言，53%的参与者在基线和6个月时的前24小时内服用了微量营养素补充剂，具体为钙（29%，19%）、多种维生素（26%，25%）、维生素D（22%，12%）和维生素C（9%，6%）。
我们的结果表明，相对于DRIs，SCI男性和女性存在多种营养素不足。本研究对SCI人群的临床饮食实践具有重要意义。
