Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2011 Dec;30(6):547-58. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2011.10720001.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the nutrient intakes of people with mood disorders.
A cross-sectional survey using 3-day food records was carried out in 97 adults with bipolar or major depressive disorder to compare nutrient intakes with Dietary Reference Intakes and British Columbia Nutrition Survey (BCNS) data. Blood levels of selected nutrients were compared to reference ranges. Bivariate and multivariate analyses examined the effects of sociodemographic and clinical variables on nutrient intakes.
The average age of respondents was 46 (±13) years; most were women (n = 69) who had less than a university degree (n = 60) and whose incomes were in the government-defined lower range (n = 39). Compared with the BCNS, a larger proportion of the sample was below the estimated average requirement for thiamin (26% vs 8%), riboflavin (21% vs 4%), folate (64% vs 27%), phosphorous (12% vs 1%), and zinc (39% vs 15%; all P < 0.0001), as well as vitamin B(6) (25% vs 16%) and vitamin B(12) (27% vs 8%; both P < 0.05). Combined intakes of food and supplements helped reduce the prevalence of inadequacy; however, with supplementation, the proportion of participants exceeding the tolerable upper intake levels for niacin, vitamin B(6), folate, vitamin C, calcium, magnesium, iron, and zinc ranged from 1%-8%. Income, relationship status, age, gender, and caloric intake were associated with intakes of many nutrients. Types of medications were associated with nutrient intakes, as lower intakes of thiamin and phosphorous (P < 0.05) were found with antidepressant use, higher calcium and iron intakes (P < 0.05) were associated with antianxiety medication use, and magnesium intakes were increased with mood stabilizers (regression coefficient = 52.61, P < 0.05, 95% confidence interval = 0.74 to 104.48).
Adults with mood disorders are at risk for many nutrient inadequacies, as well as occasional excesses; social, demographic, and clinical factors may affect their nutrient intakes.
本研究旨在调查心境障碍患者的营养素摄入量。
采用 3 天食物记录的横断面调查方法，对 97 名双相或重性抑郁障碍成人进行调查，将营养素摄入量与膳食参考摄入量和不列颠哥伦比亚省营养调查（BCNS）数据进行比较。比较了所选营养素的血水平与参考范围。双变量和多变量分析考察了社会人口学和临床变量对营养素摄入的影响。
受访者的平均年龄为 46（±13）岁；大多数为女性（n=69），未完成大学学业（n=60），收入处于政府定义的较低水平（n=39）。与 BCNS 相比，样本中更多的人低于硫胺素（26%比 8%）、核黄素（21%比 4%）、叶酸（64%比 27%）、磷（12%比 1%）和锌（39%比 15%；均 P＜0.0001），以及维生素 B6（25%比 16%）和维生素 B12（27%比 8%；均 P＜0.05）。食物和补充剂的联合摄入有助于减少不足的发生率；然而，在补充剂的情况下，烟酸、维生素 B6、叶酸、维生素 C、钙、镁、铁和锌的可耐受最高摄入量超过的参与者比例为 1%-8%。收入、关系状况、年龄、性别和热量摄入与许多营养素的摄入有关。药物类型与营养素摄入有关，使用抗抑郁药时发现硫胺素和磷的摄入量较低（P＜0.05），使用抗焦虑药物时钙和铁的摄入量较高（P＜0.05），使用情绪稳定剂时镁的摄入量增加（回归系数=52.61，P＜0.05，95%置信区间=0.74 至 104.48）。
心境障碍患者存在许多营养素不足和偶尔摄入过多的风险；社会人口学和临床因素可能影响其营养素摄入。
