Ringwalt Chris, Vincus Amy A, Hanley Sean, Ennett Susan T, Bowling J Michael, Rohrbach Louise Ann
Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 1516 E. Franklin Street, Suite 200, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA.
Prev Sci. 2009 Mar;10(1):33-40. doi: 10.1007/s11121-008-0112-y.
Since the promulgation of its Principles of Effectiveness in 1998, the Office of Safe and Drug-Free Schools of the U.S. Department of Education has promoted the use of evidence-based drug prevention programs in the nation's schools. We report the results of a survey, conducted in 2005, of a nationally representative sample of 1,721 schools with middle school grades. Respondents comprised the staff member in the school identified as most knowledgeable about the school's drug prevention programs. The total response rate was 78%. Respondents answered questions concerning which drug use prevention curricula they used, and, if they used more than one, which one they used the most frequently. Three federally-sponsored registries were used to specify which curricula were considered evidence-based. Findings from 2005 were then compared to earlier estimates based on a similar 1999 survey. We found that 42.6% of the nation's schools with middle school grades were using an evidence-based curriculum, an increase of 8% from our 1999 estimate. The two most prevalent curricula in use, at 19% each, were Life Skills Training and Project ALERT. We note, however, that only 8% of Life Skills Training users and 9% of Project ALERT users reported using those curricula the most, and that only 23% of respondents overall reported that they used an evidence-based curriculum the most. More information is needed as to why over three-quarters of the nation's schools with middle school grades continue to administer curricula that have not been identified as effective.
自1998年发布其《有效性原则》以来，美国教育部安全无毒品学校办公室一直在推动美国学校使用循证毒品预防项目。我们报告了2005年对全国1721所具有中学年级的学校进行的一项具有全国代表性的抽样调查结果。受访者为学校中被认为对学校毒品预防项目最了解的工作人员。总回复率为78%。受访者回答了有关他们使用哪些毒品预防课程的问题，如果他们使用了不止一种课程，则回答他们最常使用的是哪一种。使用了三个联邦资助的登记处来确定哪些课程被视为循证课程。然后将2005年的调查结果与基于1999年类似调查的早期估计进行比较。我们发现，全国42.6%的具有中学年级的学校正在使用循证课程，比我们1999年的估计增加了8%。使用最普遍的两种课程各占19%，分别是生活技能培训和警惕项目。然而，我们注意到，只有8%的生活技能培训使用者和9%的警惕项目使用者报告最常使用这些课程，而且总体上只有23%的受访者报告他们最常使用循证课程。关于为何全国四分之三以上具有中学年级的学校继续实施未被认定为有效的课程，还需要更多信息。
