Wei Huiyong, Huang Dan, Fortman Jeff, Wang Richard, Shao Linyun, Chen Zheng W
Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Center for Primate Biomedical Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
J Virol. 2009 Jan;83(2):1115-25. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00984-08. Epub 2008 Nov 12.
While the smallpox vaccine, Dryvax or Dryvax-derived ACAM2000, holds potential for public immunization against the spread of smallpox by bioterror, there is serious concern about Dryvax-mediated side effects. Here, we report that a single-dose vaccination regimen comprised of Dryvax and an antiviral agent, cidofovir, could reduce vaccinia viral loads after vaccination and significantly control Dryvax vaccination side effects. However, coadministration of cidofovir and Dryvax also reduced vaccine-elicited immune responses of antibody and T effector cells despite the fact that the reduced priming could be boosted as a recall response after monkeypox virus challenge. Evaluations of four different aspects of vaccine efficacy showed that coadministration of cidofovir and Dryvax compromised the Dryvax-induced immunity against monkeypox, although the covaccinated monkeys exhibited measurable protection against monkeypox compared to that of naïve controls. Thus, the single-dose coadministration of cidofovir and Dryvax effectively controlled vaccination side effects but significantly compromised vaccine-elicited immune responses and vaccine-induced immunity to monkeypox.
虽然天花疫苗Dryvax或源自Dryvax的ACAM2000在通过生物恐怖主义传播天花时进行公共免疫方面具有潜力，但人们对Dryvax介导的副作用深感担忧。在此，我们报告，由Dryvax和抗病毒药物西多福韦组成的单剂量疫苗接种方案可降低接种后牛痘病毒载量，并显著控制Dryvax疫苗接种的副作用。然而，尽管在猴痘病毒攻击后作为回忆反应可以增强减少的启动，但西多福韦和Dryvax的共同给药也降低了疫苗引发的抗体和T效应细胞的免疫反应。对疫苗效力四个不同方面的评估表明，西多福韦和Dryvax的共同给药损害了Dryvax诱导的针对猴痘的免疫力，尽管与未接种疫苗的对照组相比，共同接种疫苗的猴子对猴痘表现出可测量的保护作用。因此，西多福韦和Dryvax的单剂量共同给药有效地控制了疫苗接种的副作用，但显著损害了疫苗引发的免疫反应以及疫苗诱导的对猴痘的免疫力。
