Park Yunjae
Department of Medical History, Yonsei University College of Medicine.
Uisahak. 2008 Jun;17(1):75-86.
During its colonization of Korea, the Japanese Empire used the Western medicine as a tool for advertising its advanced culture. However, the medical workforce available in Korea was insufficient. The Rule for Uisaeng (Oriental medicine practitioner) was an ordinance decreed in 1913 with a purpose of supplementing the medical workforce. As the Oriental medicine practitioners became official medical workforce, the Japanese Empire could mobilize them in a hygienic administration such as prevention of epidemics. The Uisaengs also tried to adapt themselves to the colonial environment by studying Western medicines. However, the distrust of the Japanese Empire in Oriental medicine continued until 1920s. Manchurian Incident in 1931 brought a change. As the relationship with China aggravated, the provision of medical herb became unstable and the Japanese Empire began to encourage using Oriental medical herb following the Movement for Improving Rural Region Economy. An attempt of the Japanese Empire to utilize the medical herb resulted in a plan to make the Oriental medical herb officinal. The goal was to organize and standardize the Oriental medical herb through a research by the Medical Herb Investigation Committee. However, the medical herb on the table was the one verified by the Western medicine. That is, it was not a traditional medical herb that uses the original theory of Oriental medicine. There was a minority opinion arguing that they should study the Oriental medicine itself. However, that argument was also based on the theory and principles of the Western medicine. Even though an attempt to make full use of Uisaengs expanded as the war continued, the major medical workforce that the Japanese Empire relied on was those trained in Western medicine. In other words, the Japanese Empire did not give a full credit to the Oriental medicine during the colonial era. During the colonization, Japanese Empire used Oriental medicine under the nominal reason of lack of medical workforces. In early 1930s, a policy supporting usage of Oriental medical herb was selected. However, it does not mean that the change in policy encouraged Oriental medicine since the medical herb that the Japanese Empire supported was those that were organized and categorized according to the principles in Western medicine.
在对朝鲜进行殖民统治期间，日本帝国将西医用作宣扬其先进文化的工具。然而，当时朝鲜现有的医疗人力不足。《医士规则》是1913年颁布的一项法令，旨在补充医疗人力。随着韩医（东方医学从业者）成为官方医疗人力，日本帝国能够在诸如防疫等卫生管理工作中调动他们。韩医也试图通过学习西医来适应殖民环境。然而，直到20世纪20年代，日本帝国对东方医学仍持不信任态度。1931年的九一八事变带来了变化。随着与中国关系的恶化，草药供应变得不稳定，日本帝国开始在农村经济改善运动之后鼓励使用东方草药。日本帝国利用草药的尝试导致了一项将东方草药药用化的计划。目标是通过草药调查委员会的研究对东方草药进行整理和标准化。然而，摆在桌面上的草药是经过西医验证的。也就是说，它不是基于东方医学原始理论的传统草药。有一种少数派观点认为应该研究东方医学本身。然而，这种观点也是基于西医的理论和原则。尽管随着战争的持续，充分利用韩医的尝试有所扩大，但日本帝国所依赖的主要医疗人力是接受过西医培训的人员。换句话说，日本帝国在殖民时期并未充分认可东方医学。在殖民期间，日本帝国以医疗人力不足为名义利用东方医学。20世纪30年代初，选择了一项支持使用东方草药的政策。然而，这并不意味着政策的改变是在鼓励东方医学，因为日本帝国所支持的草药是按照西医原则进行整理和分类的。
