Miyashita Mitsunori, Misawa Tomoyo, Abe Mayumi, Nakayama Yasuko, Abe Koji, Kawa Masako
Department of Adult Nursing, School of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
J Palliat Med. 2008 Nov;11(9):1203-7. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2008.0067.
The aims of this study were to clarify (1) the quality of life (QOL) of community-dwelling patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers in home palliative care and day hospice settings, (2) the need for day hospice of home palliative care patients and caregivers, and (3) the satisfaction with day hospice by day hospice patients and caregivers.
A cross-sectional questionnaire was administered to patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers who were cared for at day hospice and home palliative care. We measured the health-related quality of life using the SF-8, the need for day hospice of home palliative care patients and caregivers, and the satisfaction with day hospice by day hospice patients and caregivers.
A total of 57 pairs of patients and caregivers participated in the study (day hospice, n = 23; home palliative care, n = 34). The physical and mental aspects of the patient QOL were significantly lower than national standard value. However, although physical aspect of caregivers QOL was significantly lower than national standard value, mental aspect of caregiver's QOL was not lower than national standard value. Forty-four percent of home palliative care patients and 67% of home palliative care caregivers preferred day hospice. The needs of patients and caregivers were wide ranging including medical treatment, distraction, information provision, and respite. Overall, the Japanese day hospice was evaluated highly.
This is the first study of day hospice in Japan. Although there are several day hospices in Japan, the initiation of day hospice would probably be successful. The dissemination of day hospice is an important issue for patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers in Japan.
本研究的目的是阐明：（1）居家姑息治疗和日间临终关怀机构中社区晚期癌症患者及其照护者的生活质量（QOL）；（2）居家姑息治疗患者及其照护者对日间临终关怀的需求；（3）日间临终关怀患者及其照护者对日间临终关怀的满意度。
对在日间临终关怀机构和居家姑息治疗机构接受照护的晚期癌症患者及其照护者进行横断面问卷调查。我们使用SF-8量表测量了与健康相关的生活质量、居家姑息治疗患者及其照护者对日间临终关怀的需求，以及日间临终关怀患者及其照护者对日间临终关怀的满意度。
共有57对患者及其照护者参与了本研究（日间临终关怀机构，n = 23；居家姑息治疗，n = 34）。患者生活质量的身体和心理方面显著低于国家标准值。然而，尽管照护者生活质量的身体方面显著低于国家标准值，但其生活质量的心理方面不低于国家标准值。44%的居家姑息治疗患者和67%的居家姑息治疗照护者更倾向于日间临终关怀。患者和照护者的需求广泛，包括医疗、娱乐、信息提供和喘息服务。总体而言，日本的日间临终关怀机构得到了高度评价。
这是日本首次对日间临终关怀机构进行的研究。尽管日本有几家日间临终关怀机构，但日间临终关怀机构的设立可能会取得成功。在日本，推广日间临终关怀机构对晚期癌症患者及其照护者来说是一个重要问题。
