Dicke Marcel
Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, 6700 EH Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Plant Cell Environ. 2009 Jun;32(6):654-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01913.x. Epub 2008 Nov 18.
Plants respond to insect herbivory with the production of volatiles that attract carnivorous enemies of the herbivores, a phenomenon called indirect defence or 'plants crying for help'. Plants are under selection to maximize Darwinian fitness, and this can be done by making the right 'decisions' (i.e. by responding to environmental stress in ways that maximize seed production). Plant decisions related to the response to herbivory in terms of the emission of herbivore-induced volatiles include 'to respond or not to respond', 'how fast to respond', 'how to respond' and 'when to stop responding'. In this review, the state-of-the-art of the research field is presented in the context of these decisions that plants face. New questions and directions for future research are identified. To understand the consequences of plant responses in a community context, it is important to expand research from individual interactions to multispecies interactions in a community context. To achieve this, detailed information on underlying mechanisms is essential and first steps on this road have been made. This selective review addresses the ecology of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) by integrating information on mechanisms and ecological functions. New questions are identified as well as challenges for extending current information to community ecology.
植物通过产生挥发性物质来应对昆虫食草行为，这些挥发性物质会吸引食草动物的食肉天敌，这一现象被称为间接防御或“植物呼救”。植物面临着自然选择以最大化达尔文适应性，这可以通过做出正确的“决策”来实现（即通过以最大化种子产量的方式应对环境压力）。植物在食草动物诱导的挥发性物质排放方面与应对食草行为相关的决策包括“是否做出反应”“多快做出反应”“如何做出反应”以及“何时停止反应”。在本综述中，该研究领域的最新进展是在植物面临的这些决策背景下呈现的。确定了新的问题和未来研究的方向。为了在群落背景下理解植物反应的后果，将研究从个体相互作用扩展到群落背景下的多物种相互作用非常重要。要实现这一点，关于潜在机制的详细信息至关重要，并且已经在这条道路上迈出了第一步。这篇选择性综述通过整合关于机制和生态功能的信息来探讨食草动物诱导的植物挥发性物质（HIPVs）的生态学。确定了新的问题以及将当前信息扩展到群落生态学的挑战。
